Clinically significant thrombotic events are common complications of many systemic diseases associated with chronic inflammation, including atherosclerosis and diabetes. Many of these life- threatening thrombi occur in the arterial circulation and relate to inappropriate platelet activation. This proposal will test the novel hypothesis that the type B scavenger receptor CD36 functionally links metabolic and oxidant stress to platelet hyper-reactivity and thus to the increased risk of thrombosis. Published and preliminary studies using mouse thrombosis models and primary human and mouse cells identified CD36 as a platelet signaling receptor that recognizes and responds to endogenous danger signals generated during inflammation, including oxidized LDL, advanced glycated proteins, and cell-derived microparticles. A specific CD36-triggered signaling pathway in platelets involving recruitment/assembly of an activated signaling complex made up of Src kinases, MAP kinases, and Vav family guanine nucleotide exchange factors was identified and shown to be unique from other platelet pathways. This proposal will test the hypothesis that signaling cascades triggered by CD36 engagement with danger signal ligands promote a unique hypersensitive platelet phenotype that contributes to a pro-thrombotic state in vivo. The mechanisms by which CD36 activates specific platelet signaling pathways to regulate cytoskeletal functions and oxidative stress will be defined. Sophisticated imaging systems using a microfluidic in vitro model of platelet function under shear and novel in vivo thrombosis models will be exploited to connect CD36-specific signaling pathways to the mechanisms of the related pro-thrombotic effect. Reciprocal influences of other platelet pro- and anti-activation pathways on the CD36 pathway will be defined to reveal novel synergies and interactions. In vivo models will be used to test the hypothesis that CD36-specific endogenous danger signal ligands promote thrombosis via functional interactions with toll like receptors and the cell-specific role f CD36 in promoting thrombosis in vivo in the setting of metabolic and oxidant stress will be determined using targeted genetic deletion and bone marrow transplantation strategies with in vivo models of inflammation and thrombosis.

Public Health Relevance

Thrombosis (blood clots) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States. Inappropriate activation of blood platelets, the main cellular initiator of thrombosis, is a major cause of thrombosis. This Project seeks to identify and characterize the mechanisms by which blood abnormalities generated during chronic inflammatory conditions, such as diabetes and atherosclerosis, alter platelet function through interacting with a specific protein, CD36, on the surface of platelets. Identification of new ways platelets respond to inflammatory mediators offers new sites of therapeutic interventions.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
3R01HL111614-04S1
Application #
9448028
Study Section
Program Officer
Kindzelski, Andrei L
Project Start
2017-06-01
Project End
2018-05-31
Budget Start
2017-06-01
Budget End
2018-05-31
Support Year
4
Fiscal Year
2017
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Medical College of Wisconsin
Department
Internal Medicine/Medicine
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
937639060
City
Milwaukee
State
WI
Country
United States
Zip Code
53226
Yang, Moua; Kholmukhamedov, Andaleb; Schulte, Marie L et al. (2018) Platelet CD36 signaling through ERK5 promotes caspase-dependent procoagulant activity and fibrin deposition in vivo. Blood Adv 2:2848-2861
Chen, Yiliang; Huang, Wenxin; Yang, Moua et al. (2017) Cardiotonic Steroids Stimulate Macrophage Inflammatory Responses Through a Pathway Involving CD36, TLR4, and Na/K-ATPase. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 37:1462-1469
Silverstein, Roy L (2017) Linking Metabolic Dysfunction to Atherosclerosis Via Activation of Macrophage CD36 Gene Transcription by Retinol Binding Protein-4. Circulation 135:1355-1356
Yang, Moua; Cooley, Brian C; Li, Wei et al. (2017) Platelet CD36 promotes thrombosis by activating redox sensor ERK5 in hyperlipidemic conditions. Blood 129:2917-2927
Silverstein, Roy L (2016) Metabolic Manipulation to Put the Brakes on Platelet Activation: A Potential Novel Pharmacologic Approach to Atherothrombosis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 36:2031-2
Zhu, Weifei; Gregory, Jill C; Org, Elin et al. (2016) Gut Microbial Metabolite TMAO Enhances Platelet Hyperreactivity and Thrombosis Risk. Cell 165:111-124
Ramakrishnan, Devi Prasadh; Hajj-Ali, Rula A; Chen, Yiliang et al. (2016) Extracellular Vesicles Activate a CD36-Dependent Signaling Pathway to Inhibit Microvascular Endothelial Cell Migration and Tube Formation. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 36:534-44
Hajj-Ali, Rula A; Major, Jennifer; Langford, Carol et al. (2015) The interface of inflammation and subclinical atherosclerosis in granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener's): a preliminary study. Transl Res 166:366-74
Chadwick, Alexandra C; Holme, Rebecca L; Chen, Yiliang et al. (2015) Acrolein impairs the cholesterol transport functions of high density lipoproteins. PLoS One 10:e0123138
Silverstein, Roy L (2015) Disabling the platelet's brakes to promote thrombosis. Blood 125:2591-3

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