The proposed experiments investigate choice behavior. One group of experiments further assesses the PI's delay-reduction hypothesis of choice and conditioned reinforcement. Some of these experiments use the hypothesis as a guide to assess whether principles that have evolved from the study of decision making in the conditioning laboratory are consistent with decision making in situations that share important properties with naturally occurring foraging. Experiments in the first group investigate: varying the accessibility of the less profitable outcome on its acceptability in successive encounter procedures and in standard choice procedures; the adequacy of Killeen's incentive theory vs the delay-reduction hypothesis; the relation between choice, risk-aversion and economic context. The second group of experiments assess variables affecting observing by children, human adults and pigeons in standard laboratory tasks, in videogame playing and in health-related settings. We propose to investigate the effects of delayed reinforcement, superstitious responding, instructions, risk-aversion, economic context, whether observing obeys the same principles when subjects are losing rather than gaining points, and theories including Dinsmoor's selective observing hypothesis.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01MH020752-14
Application #
3374828
Study Section
Psychobiology and Behavior Research Review Committee (BBP)
Project Start
1985-09-01
Project End
1988-08-31
Budget Start
1986-09-01
Budget End
1987-08-31
Support Year
14
Fiscal Year
1986
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
University of California San Diego
Department
Type
Schools of Arts and Sciences
DUNS #
077758407
City
La Jolla
State
CA
Country
United States
Zip Code
92093
Case, D A; Nichols, P; Fantino, E (1995) Pigeons' preference for variable-interval water reinforcement under widely varied water budgets. J Exp Anal Behav 64:299-311
Williams, W A; Fantino, E (1994) Delay reduction and optimal foraging: variable-ratio search in a foraging analogue. J Exp Anal Behav 61:465-77
Savastano, H I; Fantino, E (1994) Human choice in concurrent ratio-interval schedules of reinforcement. J Exp Anal Behav 61:453-63
Fantino, E; Case, D A (1993) The delay-reduction hypothesis: effects of informative events on response rates and choice. Q J Exp Psychol B 46:145-61
Fantino, E; Preston, R A; Dunn, R (1993) Delay reduction: current status. J Exp Anal Behav 60:159-69
Fantino, E; Freed, D; Preston, R A et al. (1991) Choice and conditioned reinforcement. J Exp Anal Behav 55:177-88
Preston, R A; Fantino, E (1991) Conditioned reinforcement value and choice. J Exp Anal Behav 55:155-75
Luco, J E (1990) Matching, delay-reduction, and maximizing models for choice in concurrent-chains schedules. J Exp Anal Behav 54:53-67
Dunn, R (1990) Timeout from concurrent schedules. J Exp Anal Behav 53:163-74
Stolarz-Fantino, S; Fantino, E (1990) Cognition and behavior analysis: a review of Rachlin's judgment, decision, and choice. J Exp Anal Behav 54:317-22

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