Preterm survivors acquire a variety of chronic hypoxia-ischemia (H-I)-related motor and neurobehavioral disabilities that have been widely assumed to arise from destructive cerebral gray and white matter lesions that deplete neurons and glia. Our recent human and experimental findings support an alternative primary mechanism whereby diffuse disturbances in cerebral development arise from disrupted maturation of pre- oligodendrocytes (preOLs) in white matter tracts and immature neurons in multiple cerebral regions. We will employ a novel instrumented preterm fetal sheep model of cerebral H-I that reproduces many key features of acute and chronic cerebral injury in human preterm survivors. With this model, we demonstrated that chronic white matter injury (WMI) results in myelination failure that arises from maturation arrest of preOLs that fail to differentite and myelinate. Chronic WMI is accompanied by progressive volume loss of cortical and subcortical gray matter structures that arises from reduction in the basal dendritic arbor of immature projection neurons. We will test the over-riding hypothesis that cerebral H-I causes widespread disturbances in brain development through: (1) hypo-myelination of white matter tracts that integrate neuronal networks and (2) disturbances in the structural and functional maturation of neurons in multiple structures critical for learning, memory and cognition. To define the mechanisms of impaired white matter growth and myelination failure in chronic WMI, we will promote maturation of preOLs in vivo by blocking the hyaluronidase, PH20 with a novel inhibitor, SuBr3 (aim 1). We recently demonstrated in vitro that SuBr3 promotes preOL maturation and blocks the generation of digestion products of hyaluronic acid (HA) derived from PH20. We will also undertake mechanistic studies with SuBr3 to test the hypothesis that a reduction in myelination failure will promote maturation of the dendritic arbor of cortical projection neurons. We will thereby determine if there is a mechanistic link between myelination failure and cortical neuronal dysmaturation. Our preliminary studies support that the spectrum of neuronal dysmaturation varies markedly between the cortex and hippocampus. Whereas cortical pyramidal cells display reduced synaptic activity, hippocampal projection neurons display enhanced synaptic activity. Hence, defining the response to future regeneration and repair strategies will require a region-dependent analysis. Thus, we will undertake an integrated morphometric and physiological analysis at the single cell level of dysmature projection neurons in the hippocampus (aim 2) and cortex (aim 3). Our long-term objective is to develop therapies that promote myelination in chronic WMI without adverse effects on neuronal maturation. The proposed studies will provide rigorous outcome measures to quantify the response to a wide range of clinically feasible future potential therapies (e.g., optimized preterm nutrition or reducd neonatal stress) that have the potential to promote cerebral growth and reduce the broad and complex spectrum of life-long motor and neurobehavioral disabilities that are now common in human preterm survivors.

Public Health Relevance

This proposal focuses on recently discovered mechanisms of impaired maturation of the preterm brain after hypoxia-ischemia, which we hypothesize contribute to abnormal brain development in human preterm survivors who have cerebral palsy and cognitive/learning disabilities. We will employ pioneering structural and functional studies to define how abnormal maturation of key cell types in the brain (oligodendrocyte progenitors and immature neurons) contributes to aberrant brain recovery after injury. We will test novel agents to promote myelin repair and neuronal maturation in chronic brain lesions with the long-term objective to use these strategies to improve the neurological outcome for children with neurodevelopmental disabilities related to preterm birth.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
2R01NS045737-12A1
Application #
8886632
Study Section
Developmental Brain Disorders Study Section (DBD)
Program Officer
Morris, Jill A
Project Start
2003-02-01
Project End
2020-03-31
Budget Start
2015-04-01
Budget End
2016-03-31
Support Year
12
Fiscal Year
2015
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Oregon Health and Science University
Department
Pediatrics
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
096997515
City
Portland
State
OR
Country
United States
Zip Code
97239
Srivastava, Taasin; Diba, Parham; Dean, Justin M et al. (2018) A TLR/AKT/FoxO3 immune tolerance-like pathway disrupts the repair capacity of oligodendrocyte progenitors. J Clin Invest 128:2025-2041
Bagi, Zsolt; Brandner, Dieter D; Le, Phuong et al. (2018) Vasodilator dysfunction and oligodendrocyte dysmaturation in aging white matter. Ann Neurol 83:142-152
Back, Stephen A (2017) White matter injury in the preterm infant: pathology and mechanisms. Acta Neuropathol 134:331-349
Sherman, Larry S; Back, Stephen A (2017) Comment on: PH20 is not expressed in murine CNS and oligodendrocyte precursor cells. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 4:608-609
McClendon, Evelyn; Shaver, Daniel C; Degener-O'Brien, Kiera et al. (2017) Transient Hypoxemia Chronically Disrupts Maturation of Preterm Fetal Ovine Subplate Neuron Arborization and Activity. J Neurosci 37:11912-11929
Bosetti, Francesca; Koenig, James I; Ayata, Cenk et al. (2017) Translational Stroke Research: Vision and Opportunities. Stroke 48:2632-2637
Penn, Anna A; Gressens, Pierre; Fleiss, Bobbi et al. (2016) Controversies in preterm brain injury. Neurobiol Dis 92:90-101
McNeal, David W; Brandner, Dieter D; Gong, Xi et al. (2016) Unbiased Stereological Analysis of Reactive Astrogliosis to Estimate Age-Associated Cerebral White Matter Injury. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 75:539-54
Sherman, Larry S; Matsumoto, Steven; Su, Weiping et al. (2015) Hyaluronan Synthesis, Catabolism, and Signaling in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Int J Cell Biol 2015:368584
Back, Stephen A (2015) Brain Injury in the Preterm Infant: New Horizons for Pathogenesis and Prevention. Pediatr Neurol 53:185-92

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