Through associative learning, neutral sensory stimuli are transformed into behaviorally relevant conditioned stimuli that signal behavioral contingencies. In operant conditioning paradigms, conditioned stimuli must be detected by sensory systems and relayed to appropriate association centers in the brain. In the somatosensory system, primary sensory relay cells in the trigeminal complex produce two major ascending and contralateral somatosensory pathways. One innervates the thalamus in the forebrain (trigeminothalamic) and the other innervates the deep layers of the superior colliculus in the midbrain tectum (trigeminotectal). The role of these two ascending pathways in the detection of somatosensory stimuli that are behaviorally relevant, such as conditioned stimuli in an operant conditioning task, is not known. Here we propose that the superior colliculus is a major sensory relay that serves to detect behaviorally relevant sensory signals in operant conditioning paradigms but with less analytical capabilities than the thalamic sensory relay. These two relay systems (trigeminothalamic and trigeminotectal) work together to detect and identify sensory conditioned stimuli. Therefore, in addition to its well-known role in orienting to novel stimuli, the trigeminotectal pathway would be an essential part of the sensory circuitry responsible for the detection of conditioned stimuli that signal behavioral contingencies requiring immediate operant responses. There are two major goals in this project. The first goal is to determine the response properties and neuromodulation of superior colliculus cells. The second goal is to characterize the activity and response properties of these cells as animals detect behaviorally relevant sensory stimuli during performance in an active avoidance task. The long term goal of this research project is to reveal the neural substrates of a complex form of emotional conditioning, active avoidance, that has direct relevance to many anxiety and mood disorders, such as phobias, social anxiety and depression.Understanding the role of the superior colliculus and sensory thalamus in the processing of behaviorally significant stimuli during active avoidance behavior has direct relevance to anxiety and mood disorders, such as phobias, social anxiety and depression.
| Castro-Alamancos, Manuel A; Favero, Morgana (2015) NMDA receptors are the basis for persistent network activity in neocortex slices. J Neurophysiol 113:3816-26 |
| Castro-Alamancos, Manuel A; Bezdudnaya, Tatiana (2015) Modulation of artificial whisking related signals in barrel cortex. J Neurophysiol 113:1287-301 |
| Castro-Alamancos, Manuel A; Gulati, Tanuj (2014) Neuromodulators produce distinct activated states in neocortex. J Neurosci 34:12353-67 |
| Bezdudnaya, Tatiana; Castro-Alamancos, Manuel A (2014) Neuromodulation of whisking related neural activity in superior colliculus. J Neurosci 34:7683-95 |
| Castro-Alamancos, Manuel A (2013) The motor cortex: a network tuned to 7-14 Hz. Front Neural Circuits 7:21 |
| Favero, Morgana; Castro-Alamancos, Manuel A (2013) Synaptic cooperativity regulates persistent network activity in neocortex. J Neurosci 33:3151-63 |
| Favero, Morgana; Varghese, Gladis; Castro-Alamancos, Manuel A (2012) The state of somatosensory cortex during neuromodulation. J Neurophysiol 108:1010-24 |
| Bezdudnaya, Tatiana; Castro-Alamancos, Manuel A (2011) Superior colliculus cells sensitive to active touch and texture during whisking. J Neurophysiol 106:332-46 |
| Hirata, Akio; Castro-Alamancos, Manuel A (2011) Effects of cortical activation on sensory responses in barrel cortex. J Neurophysiol 105:1495-505 |
| Cohen, Jeremy D; Castro-Alamancos, Manuel A (2010) Behavioral state dependency of neural activity and sensory (whisker) responses in superior colliculus. J Neurophysiol 104:1661-72 |
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