There is growing evidence that the oral infection is associated with cardiovascular disease. Nevertheless, mechanisms involved in association are not known and bacterial role in the process is uncertain. In contrast, infective endocarditis is an extensively characterized systemic disease related to oral conditions. The role of oral streptococci in the pathogenesis of endocarditis is well established. The molecular mechanisms implicated may also occur in other forms of cardiovascular disease. Therefore infective endocarditis provides an excellent model to investigate correlations between oral infection and pathogenesis of systemic diseases. Binding of oral streptococci to human platelets has been postulated as a central mechanism in the pathogenesis of infective endocarditis. Little is known about mechanisms how bacterial adhesins interact with human platelets. We have identified a serine-rich protein SrpA from the most frequent isolates of bacterial endocarditis, Streptococcus sanguis. SrpA belongs to a growing family of serine-rich bacterial adhesins. SrpA-like proteins are found conserved across many pathogenic streptococci and staphylococci. SrpA of S. sanguis mediates bacterial adhesion to human platelets via a human platelet receptor glycoprotein Ib (GPIb). In an effort to define the role of this adhesin in the pathogenesis, we will compare the virulence of the parent strain and the mutant strain in a rabbit model of bacterial endocarditis. vWF, a multimeric glycoprotein, interacts with GPIb and collagen, play an essential role in platelet adhesion and aggregation. We posit that SrpA mimics host glycoprotein von Willebrand Factor (vWF) by interacting with GPIb and collagen, thereby plays a crucial role in bacteria induced platelet aggregation. Proposed here we will determine whether the GPIb interactive adhesin SrpA also mediates the direct binding of S. sanguis to collagen, and identify critical domains within SrpA that are responsible for GPIb and collagen binding. Identification of such functional domains will lead to a better understanding of how the streptococcal adhesin explores host receptors by molecular mimicry. This information may lead to new approaches for prevention and treatment of infective endocarditis and other cardiovascular diseases. ? ?
| Turner, Lauren Senty; Kanamoto, Taisei; Unoki, Takeshi et al. (2009) Comprehensive evaluation of Streptococcus sanguinis cell wall-anchored proteins in early infective endocarditis. Infect Immun 77:4966-75 |
| Wu, Hui; Zeng, Meiqin; Fives-Taylor, Paula (2007) The glycan moieties and the N-terminal polypeptide backbone of a fimbria-associated adhesin, Fap1, play distinct roles in the biofilm development of Streptococcus parasanguinis. Infect Immun 75:2181-8 |
| Wu, Hui; Bu, Su; Newell, Peter et al. (2007) Two gene determinants are differentially involved in the biogenesis of Fap1 precursors in Streptococcus parasanguis. J Bacteriol 189:1390-8 |
