This is a competitive renewal of an R24 grant focused on mitochondrial protein acylation, its regulation by the NAD-dependent mitochondrial protein deacylases, SIRT3 and SIRT5, and their impact on metabolic regulation under normal and pathological conditions. During the first 48 months of this grant, our collaborative group has published 27 papers and has defined the function of SIRT3 and SIRT5 as key mitochondrial NAD-dependent protein deacylases. In the mitochondria, SIRT3 and SIRT5 regulates the acetylation (SIRT3) and succinylation (SIRT5) of many mitochondrial enzymes in key metabolic pathways that include fatty acid oxidation, ketone body synthesis, TCA cycle, OXPHOS and the urea cycle. Loss of SIRT3 is associated with reduced metabolic flexibility and accelerated development of a syndrome that mimics human metabolic syndrome with obesity, type 2 diabetes, lipid abnormalities, and steatohepatitis. Mice lacking SIRT5 also showed significant metabolic abnormalities in the urea cycle, ketogenesis and fatty acid oxidation. SIRT5 is also an NAD-dependent demalonylase but this modification targets distinct proteins predominantly in the cytoplasm. These findings point to reversible mitochondrial protein acylation as a key regulator of mitochondrial metabolism and SIRT3 and SIRT5 as important factors in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes and the metabolic syndrome. The overall goal of this proposal is to extend these studies to further define the role of protein acylation and SIRT3 and SIRT5 in mitochondrial function in unique tissues involved in the pathogenesis of the metabolic syndrome: liver, muscle and pancreatic cells. We will take advantage of our highly collaborative and multidisciplinary team harnessing the power of mass spectrometry-based proteomics, metabolomics, molecular biology, extensive physiological testing and unique and novel animal models, including tissue-specific knockouts and tissue specific transgenic overexpressors for SIRT3 and SIRT5, to further increase our understanding of this important process in regulation of mitochondrial function and metabolism.

Public Health Relevance

Mitochondria play key roles in metabolic disorders. Our studies have revealed the presence of acyl posttranslational modifications (acetylation and succinylation) on many key mitochondrial proteins. SIRT3 and SIRT5 remove these modifications and thereby play a key role in the pathogenesis of metabolic disorders. Understanding the role of SIRT3 and SIRT5 in the pathogenesis of the metabolic syndrome and other metabolic disorders could yield novel therapeutic opportunities for the treatment of these disorders.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)
Type
Resource-Related Research Projects (R24)
Project #
5R24DK085610-07
Application #
9100715
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZDK1)
Program Officer
Sechi, Salvatore
Project Start
2010-06-01
Project End
2020-05-31
Budget Start
2016-06-01
Budget End
2017-05-31
Support Year
7
Fiscal Year
2016
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
J. David Gladstone Institutes
Department
Type
DUNS #
099992430
City
San Francisco
State
CA
Country
United States
Zip Code
94158
Carrico, Chris; Meyer, Jesse G; He, Wenjuan et al. (2018) The Mitochondrial Acylome Emerges: Proteomics, Regulation by Sirtuins, and Metabolic and Disease Implications. Cell Metab 27:497-512
Peterson, Brett S; Campbell, Jonathan E; Ilkayeva, Olga et al. (2018) Remodeling of the Acetylproteome by SIRT3 Manipulation Fails to Affect Insulin Secretion or ? Cell Metabolism in the Absence of Overnutrition. Cell Rep 24:209-223.e6
Wei, Lei; Meyer, Jesse G; Schilling, Birgit (2018) Quantification of Site-specific Protein Lysine Acetylation and Succinylation Stoichiometry Using Data-independent Acquisition Mass Spectrometry. J Vis Exp :
Softic, Samir; Gupta, Manoj K; Wang, Guo-Xiao et al. (2018) Divergent effects of glucose and fructose on hepatic lipogenesis and insulin signaling. J Clin Invest 128:1199
Basisty, Nathan; Meyer, Jesse G; Wei, Lei et al. (2018) Simultaneous Quantification of the Acetylome and Succinylome by 'One-Pot' Affinity Enrichment. Proteomics 18:e1800123
Meyer, Jesse G; Mukkamalla, Sushanth; Steen, Hanno et al. (2017) PIQED: automated identification and quantification of protein modifications from DIA-MS data. Nat Methods 14:646-647
Anderson, Kristin A; Huynh, Frank K; Fisher-Wellman, Kelsey et al. (2017) SIRT4 Is a Lysine Deacylase that Controls Leucine Metabolism and Insulin Secretion. Cell Metab 25:838-855.e15
Newgard, Christopher B (2017) Metabolomics and Metabolic Diseases: Where Do We Stand? Cell Metab 25:43-56
Newman, John C; Verdin, Eric (2017) ?-Hydroxybutyrate: A Signaling Metabolite. Annu Rev Nutr 37:51-76
Newman, John C; Covarrubias, Anthony J; Zhao, Minghao et al. (2017) Ketogenic Diet Reduces Midlife Mortality and Improves Memory in Aging Mice. Cell Metab 26:547-557.e8

Showing the most recent 10 out of 45 publications