Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of malignancy-related mortality in males in the United States. While carcinogenesis is a complex process that involves multiple stages of transformation, clinically significant tumor growth and metastasis are dependent upon angiogenesis. This neovascularization allows new blood vessels to form which supply the tumor with oxygen and nutrients necessary for growth. Evidence suggests that net tumor-derived angiogenesis is determined by an imbalance in the expression of angiogenic and angiostatic factors in the local milieu of the tumor. We hypothesize that in part, net tumor- derived angiogenesis is determined by an imbalance in the expression of angiogenic as compared to angiostatic CXC chemokines. Our preliminary data demonstrates that IL-8 is a common angiogenic CXC chemokine which is constitutively overexpressed by prostate cancer cell lines. Furthermore, the expression of IL-8 positively correlates with prostate cancer growth in a SCID mouse model. In addition, the expression of the angiostatic CXC chemokine IP-10 is inversely correlated with prostate cancer growth and metastasis. Using a variety of molecular and cellular techniques, experiments are designed to examine the effect of neutralizing the angiogenic IL-8 and/or overexpressing the angiostatic IP-10 CXC chemokines on growth of prostate cancer cell lines in SCID mice. Specifically we will abrogate angiogenic CXC expression by stable transfection of appropriate anti-sense IL-8 vectors. Conversely, we will enhance angiostatic or angiogenic CXC expression by stable transfection or adenoviral infection of appropriate IL-8 or IP-10 cDNA constructs. We can confirm the specificity of these changes using neutralizing Abs to CXC chemokines in bioassays for angiogenesis as well as in SCID mice. The genetic dysregulation of these chemokines will be examined and characterized in prostate cancer cell lines. We will identify what transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms account for the dysregulated overexpression of angiogenic CXC chemokines. These studies should lead to new insights into the biology of prostate cancer growth and metastasis, and pave the way to adapt adjuvant therapies for the treatment of this widespread disease.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Type
First Independent Research Support & Transition (FIRST) Awards (R29)
Project #
5R29CA079046-04
Application #
6376901
Study Section
Biochemical Endocrinology Study Section (BCE)
Program Officer
Mohla, Suresh
Project Start
1998-08-01
Project End
2003-07-31
Budget Start
2001-08-01
Budget End
2002-07-31
Support Year
4
Fiscal Year
2001
Total Cost
$105,360
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Michigan Ann Arbor
Department
Internal Medicine/Medicine
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
791277940
City
Ann Arbor
State
MI
Country
United States
Zip Code
48109
Moore, Bethany B; Peters-Golden, Marc; Christensen, Paul J et al. (2003) Alveolar epithelial cell inhibition of fibroblast proliferation is regulated by MCP-1/CCR2 and mediated by PGE2. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 284:L342-9
Kolodsick, Jill E; Peters-Golden, Marc; Larios, Jose et al. (2003) Prostaglandin E2 inhibits fibroblast to myofibroblast transition via E. prostanoid receptor 2 signaling and cyclic adenosine monophosphate elevation. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 29:537-44
Charbeneau, Ryan P; Christensen, Paul J; Chrisman, Cara J et al. (2003) Impaired synthesis of prostaglandin E2 by lung fibroblasts and alveolar epithelial cells from GM-CSF-/- mice: implications for fibroproliferation. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 284:L1103-11
Ojielo, Charles I; Cooke, Kenneth; Mancuso, Pete et al. (2003) Defective phagocytosis and clearance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the lung following bone marrow transplantation. J Immunol 171:4416-24
Moore, B B; Moore, T A; Toews, G B (2001) Role of T- and B-lymphocytes in pulmonary host defences. Eur Respir J 18:846-56
Moore, B B; Paine 3rd, R; Christensen, P J et al. (2001) Protection from pulmonary fibrosis in the absence of CCR2 signaling. J Immunol 167:4368-77
Moore, B B; Coffey, M J; Christensen, P et al. (2000) GM-CSF regulates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis via a prostaglandin-dependent mechanism. J Immunol 165:4032-9
Moore, B B; Arenberg, D A; Stoy, K et al. (1999) Distinct CXC chemokines mediate tumorigenicity of prostate cancer cells. Am J Pathol 154:1503-12
Moore, B B; Keane, M P; Addison, C L et al. (1998) CXC chemokine modulation of angiogenesis: the importance of balance between angiogenic and angiostatic members of the family. J Investig Med 46:113-20
Moore, B B; Arenberg, D A; Addison, C L et al. (1998) Tumor angiogenesis is regulated by CXC chemokines. J Lab Clin Med 132:97-103

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