This R34 application responds to PAR-09-173, to achieve the first goal of this FOA by supporting: """"""""the development and/or pilot testing of new or adapted interventions."""""""" The two overarching goals of this application are: 1) to test the effects of the acute administration of the NMDA antagonist, memantine (MEM), on sensorimotor gating and working memory (WM) in schizophrenia (SZ) patients, and 2) to assess the feasibility of using MEM to predictably enhance the therapeutic benefits of cognitive training in SZ. The pharmacotherapy of SZ has been dominated by antidopaminergic drugs with limited clinical impact. Some forms of psychosocial rehabilitation, such as cognitive training (CT), appear to effectively reduce symptoms and improve function in SZ. The premise of this application is that the benefits of CT in SZ might be enhanced by drugs that increase specific cognitive abilities, including WM, even if these pro-cognitive drugs lack clinical impact when administered without CT. The main goal of this application is to develop an innovative intervention strategy that enhances the clinical benefits of CT in SZ through administration of a pro-cognitive agent to biomarker-identified sensitive patients. We reported that a single dose of the widely used Alzheimer's disease medication, MEM (20 mg p.o.), significantly increased prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the startle reflex in healthy subjects. PPI-enhancing effects of MEM in healthy subjects are associated with: 1) increased WM;and 2) phenotypes linked to the high activity Val158Met COMT polymorphism. PPI is consistently impaired in SZ patients;lowest levels of PPI in patients are associated with: 1) poor functional outcome;and 2) the Val/Val COMT genotype. If our MEM findings in healthy subjects are reproduced in SZ patients, we will detect MEM-associated improvements in PPI and WM, particularly among Val/Val patients. We will then be positioned to test the hypothesis that acute PPI and WM- enhancing effects of MEM predict therapeutic benefit of MEM in SZ patients undergoing CT. This application has two aims:
Aim 1 will assess the acute effects of MEM (0 vs. 10 or 0 vs. 20 mg p.o.) in 60 SZ patients, to test the prediction that MEM will increase PPI and enhance WM in SZ patients, particularly in those characterized by low basal PPI levels and/or the Val/Val COMT genotype. Mismatch negativity and gamma band synchronization will also be assessed as potentially informative MEM-sensitive and functionally relevant biomarkers.
Aim 2 will assess the feasibility of testing the therapeutic benefit of MEM as an adjunct to CT in SZ patients, and the feasibility of testing the primary hypothesis that such benefit will be predicted by increased PPI and/or WM in SZ patients after the Aim 1 single dose MEM challenge. It is predicted that subject recruitment and completion in both arms of a controlled 12-week CT trial in SZ out- patients among subjects completing Aim 1 will be appropriate for testing both the overall effectiveness of MEM as an adjunct to CT and the ability to predict this effectiveness among biomarker-identified patient subgroups.

Public Health Relevance

Cognitive training is moderately effective at reducing symptoms and improving life function in schizophrenia patients. The present application develops a strategy for increasing the effectiveness of cognitive training through the use of pro-cognitive medications. Specific biomarkers will be studied that identify patients most sensitive to these pro-cognitive medications, to test the feasibility of using these biomarkers in a large clinical trial of medication-enhanced cognitive training in schizophrenia.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
Type
Planning Grant (R34)
Project #
1R34MH093453-01
Application #
8090788
Study Section
Interventions Committee for Adult Disorders (ITVA)
Program Officer
Hillefors, MI
Project Start
2011-07-01
Project End
2014-03-31
Budget Start
2011-07-01
Budget End
2012-03-31
Support Year
1
Fiscal Year
2011
Total Cost
$270,375
Indirect Cost
Name
University of California San Diego
Department
Psychiatry
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
804355790
City
La Jolla
State
CA
Country
United States
Zip Code
92093
Swerdlow, Neal R; Tarasenko, Melissa; Bhakta, Savita G et al. (2017) Amphetamine Enhances Gains in Auditory Discrimination Training in Adult Schizophrenia Patients. Schizophr Bull 43:872-880
Swerdlow, Neal R; Braff, David L; Geyer, Mark A (2016) Sensorimotor gating of the startle reflex: what we said 25 years ago, what has happened since then, and what comes next. J Psychopharmacol 30:1072-1081
Tarasenko, Melissa; Perez, Veronica B; Pianka, Sean T et al. (2016) Measuring the capacity for auditory system plasticity: An examination of performance gains during initial exposure to auditory-targeted cognitive training in schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 172:123-30
Swerdlow, Neal R; Bhakta, Savita; Chou, Hsun-Hua et al. (2016) Memantine Effects On Sensorimotor Gating and Mismatch Negativity in Patients with Chronic Psychosis. Neuropsychopharmacology 41:419-30
Bhakta, Savita G; Chou, Hsun-Hua; Rana, Brinda et al. (2016) Effects of acute memantine administration on MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery performance in psychosis: Testing an experimental medicine strategy. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 233:2399-410
Light, Gregory A; Swerdlow, Neal R (2015) Future clinical uses of neurophysiological biomarkers to predict and monitor treatment response for schizophrenia. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1344:105-19
Light, Gregory A; Swerdlow, Neal R (2014) Neurophysiological biomarkers informing the clinical neuroscience of schizophrenia: mismatch negativity and prepulse inhibition of startle. Curr Top Behav Neurosci 21:293-314
Rissling, Anthony J; Miyakoshi, Makoto; Sugar, Catherine A et al. (2014) Cortical substrates and functional correlates of auditory deviance processing deficits in schizophrenia. Neuroimage Clin 6:424-37
Savla, Gauri N; Vella, Lea; Armstrong, Casey C et al. (2013) Deficits in domains of social cognition in schizophrenia: a meta-analysis of the empirical evidence. Schizophr Bull 39:979-92
Swerdlow, Neal R (2013) Update: studies of prepulse inhibition of startle, with particular relevance to the pathophysiology or treatment of Tourette Syndrome. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 37:1150-6

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