During the last decade, regulatory T (Treg) cells have emerged as key regulators of immune responses to self-antigens, allergens, commensal microbiota, infectious agents and tumors. Our previous work and work by others showed that transcriptional factor FoxpS serves as a lineage specification factor of Treg cells (Fontenot et al., 2003; 2005; Hori et al., 2003; Khattri et al., 2003). We also demonstrated that paucity of Treg cells due to loss-of-function mutations of the Foxp3 gene is responsible for highly aggressive, fatal systemic immune-mediated inflammatory lesions in mice and men (Fontenot et al., 2003; 2005; Kim et al., 2007; Liston et al., 2007; Kim at al., 2009). Our recent studies of FoxpS expression and function provided critical novel insights into the biology of Treg cells and into cellular mechanisms of the immune homeostasis. Particularly relevant to the current grant application, was our finding that Treg cells utilize a subset of TCR distinct from that of effector T cells in the thymus and in the periphery (Hsieh et al., 2004; Hsieh et al., 2006). In agreement with studies of transgene-encoded TCR combined with transgene-encoded cognate ligand, we also found that TCR displayed by Treg cells exhibit a heightened reactivity towards self-peptide MHC class II complexes. The increased affinity TCR signals, together with additional signals, are essential for Treg cell differentiation and likely important for their function. The overall goal of this grant has been to explore a role for TCR signaling and specificity in Treg cell differentiation and function. Specifically, we have been addressing a role for MHC class II expressed on thymic epithelial cells and dendritic cells in generation of a functional repertoire of Treg cells (Aim 1 and 2), a role for dendritic and Treg cells, and TCR-MHC class II interactions in Treg cell maintenance in the periphery (Aim 2), and a role for TCR signaling in Treg cell differentiation and their ability to protect against immune- mediated inflammation (Aim 3).

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
Type
Method to Extend Research in Time (MERIT) Award (R37)
Project #
5R37AI034206-24
Application #
9206469
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (NSS)
Program Officer
Ramachandra, Lakshmi
Project Start
1992-09-01
Project End
2019-01-31
Budget Start
2017-02-01
Budget End
2018-01-31
Support Year
24
Fiscal Year
2017
Total Cost
$491,143
Indirect Cost
$214,754
Name
Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research
Department
Type
Research Institutes
DUNS #
064931884
City
New York
State
NY
Country
United States
Zip Code
10065
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