Youth violence varies dramatically across neighborhoods in the U.S. These patterns highlight? the potential value of """"""""place-based"""""""" interventions to prevent youth violence.? Objectives: We propose to evaluate one notable place-based intervention: The Moving to Opportunity? (MTO) randomized housing-mobility experiment, which randomly assigns some public housing families but? not others the chance to relocate to less disadvantaged and dangerous neighborhoods. We seek to? understand the intervention's long-term effects on youth violence perpetration and victimization (9-12 years? after randomization), how these impacts evolve over time, whether effects are larger for youth participants? who are very young children at random assignment as recent research would suggest, and the behavioral? or environmental mechanisms through which MTO affects youth violence.? Study Design: Comparison of average violence victimization and perpetration rates for youth randomly? assigned to different MTO mobility treatment groups.? Setting: Since 1994 a total of 4600 low-income, mostly minority public housing families have enrolled in? MTO in 5 cities (Baltimore, Boston, Chicago, Los Angeles, and New York City).? Participants: All youth and their parents or other adults in MTO households at random assignment.? Interventions: MTO changes youth exposure to a wide variety of risk and protective factors that may vary? systematically across neighborhood contexts, including peer and adult norms about violence and? community-level organizations such as schools and public health or criminal justice agencies.? Outcome Measures: We seek funding to collect administrative data on violent crime and other arrests for? all MTO youth and adults to measure youth violent behavior, as well as child maltreatment by parents or? other adult guardians 9-12 years after randomization. We also seek funding to expand our planned surveys? of up to 6800 youth ages 10-20 at the end of 2006 to include measures of violent and risky behavior,? violence victimization, sexual abuse and other forms of child maltreatment.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Center for Injury Prevention and Control (NCIPC)
Type
Injury Control Research and Demonstration Projects and Injury Prevention Research Centers (R49)
Project #
5R49CE000906-02
Application #
7281227
Study Section
National Center for Injury Prevention and Control Initial Review Group (SCE)
Program Officer
Childress, Adele M
Project Start
2006-09-01
Project End
2009-08-31
Budget Start
2007-09-01
Budget End
2008-08-31
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
2007
Total Cost
$294,000
Indirect Cost
Name
National Bureau of Economic Research
Department
Type
DUNS #
054552435
City
Cambridge
State
MA
Country
United States
Zip Code
02138
Rickford, John R; Duncan, Greg J; Gennetian, Lisa A et al. (2015) Neighborhood effects on use of African-American Vernacular English. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 112:11817-22
Kessler, Ronald C; Duncan, Greg J; Gennetian, Lisa A et al. (2014) Associations of housing mobility interventions for children in high-poverty neighborhoods with subsequent mental disorders during adolescence. JAMA 311:937-48
Ludwig, Jens; Duncan, Greg J; Gennetian, Lisa A et al. (2012) Neighborhood effects on the long-term well-being of low-income adults. Science 337:1505-10
Ludwig, Jens; Sanbonmatsu, Lisa; Gennetian, Lisa et al. (2011) Neighborhoods, obesity, and diabetes--a randomized social experiment. N Engl J Med 365:1509-19