This application addresses broad Challenge Area (04) Clinical Research, specific Challenge Topic 04-HL-104 """"""""Perform secondary analyses of existing data to answer important clinical and preventive medicine research questions."""""""" We propose to use existing data from the Veterans Aging Cohort Study (VACS) to examine risk factors for incidence and severity of bacterial pneumonia in HIV infected (HIV+) compared to HIV uninfected (HIV-) patients. VACS is an ongoing multi-site prospective study of 3,413 HIV+ and 3,413 age-, race/ethnicity- and site-matched HIV- patients, enrolled 2001-2002 at 8 US VAMC. We will use the wealth of data that is already available in VACS, and add to this full chart reviews in patients with bacterial pneumonia. We propose the following aims: 1. Determine risk factors for incident and recurrent bacterial pneumonia;2. Determine risk factors for severity of bacterial pneumonia;3. Describe hospital utilization and mortality according to severity of bacterial pneumonia. We will comprehensively examine the relationship between risk factors and processes of care with etiology, severity, and outcomes of pneumonia adjusting for potential confounders. Pneumonia events will be validated by chart review and categorized as incident or recurrent, and as community or hospital acquired. Severity of pneumonia will be described by the pneumonia severity index (PSI) at presentation. As rates of bacterial pneumonia remain elevated among HIV+ patients in the current era of combination antiretroviral therapy (CART), even among those with CD4 cell counts >500, we seek to identify potentially modifiable factors that may provide the basis for future preventive studies. In particular, we are interested in alcohol as a risk factor for incidence and severity of pneumonia, as alcohol use is common in HIV+ populations;is associated with increased risk of pneumonia;immune dysfunction;and acute lung injury. Thus, alcohol use, even at low levels in HIV+ patients, may enhance susceptibility to lung injury related to bacterial infection and predispose to severe disease. These analyses will provide results that have an immediate impact to inform patient care, and will provide a basis for intervention work to decrease risk and improve health care and outcomes from bacterial pneumonia.

Public Health Relevance

This research project seeks to identify risk factors in HIV infected and uninfected individuals that influence the development and severity of bacterial pneumonia, a major source of morbidity and mortality world-wide. In particular, we will investigate the relationship of alcohol use and abuse with bacterial pneumonia, as alcohol may increase the risk for lung injury. These studies can inform patient care and provide a basis for future studies aimed at preventing and improving outcomes from bacterial pneumonia.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
Type
NIH Challenge Grants and Partnerships Program (RC1)
Project #
1RC1HL100347-01
Application #
7826428
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZRG1-BBBP-J (58))
Program Officer
Olson, Jean
Project Start
2009-09-30
Project End
2011-07-31
Budget Start
2009-09-30
Budget End
2010-07-31
Support Year
1
Fiscal Year
2009
Total Cost
$499,990
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Washington
Department
Internal Medicine/Medicine
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
605799469
City
Seattle
State
WA
Country
United States
Zip Code
98195
Eyawo, Oghenowede; McGinnis, Kathleen A; Justice, Amy C et al. (2018) Alcohol and Mortality: Combining Self-Reported (AUDIT-C) and Biomarker Detected (PEth) Alcohol Measures Among HIV Infected and Uninfected. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 77:135-143
Justice, Amy C; McGinnis, Kathleen A; Tate, Janet P et al. (2016) Risk of mortality and physiologic injury evident with lower alcohol exposure among HIV infected compared with uninfected men. Drug Alcohol Depend 161:95-103
Yuh, Bianca; Tate, Janet; Butt, Adeel A et al. (2015) Weight change after antiretroviral therapy and mortality. Clin Infect Dis 60:1852-9
Attia, Engi F; McGinnis, Kathleen A; Feemster, Laura C et al. (2015) Association of COPD With Risk for Pulmonary Infections Requiring Hospitalization in HIV-Infected Veterans. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 70:280-8
King Jr, Joseph T; Perkal, Melissa F; Rosenthal, Ronnie A et al. (2015) Thirty-day postoperative mortality among individuals with HIV infection receiving antiretroviral therapy and procedure-matched, uninfected comparators. JAMA Surg 150:343-51
Anderson, Jeffrey P; Tchetgen Tchetgen, Eric J; Lo Re 3rd, Vincent et al. (2014) Antiretroviral therapy reduces the rate of hepatic decompensation among HIV- and hepatitis C virus-coinfected veterans. Clin Infect Dis 58:719-27
Blackstock, Oni J; Tate, Janet P; Akgün, Kathleen M et al. (2013) Sex disparities in overall burden of disease among HIV-infected individuals in the Veterans Affairs healthcare system. J Gen Intern Med 28 Suppl 2:S577-82
Tate, Janet P; Justice, Amy C; Hughes, Michael D et al. (2013) An internationally generalizable risk index for mortality after one year of antiretroviral therapy. AIDS 27:563-72
Justice, Amy C; Modur, Sharada P; Tate, Janet P et al. (2013) Predictive accuracy of the Veterans Aging Cohort Study index for mortality with HIV infection: a North American cross cohort analysis. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 62:149-63
Ghose, T; Fiellin, D A; Gordon, A J et al. (2013) Hazardous drinking and its association with homelessness among veterans in care. Drug Alcohol Depend 132:202-6

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