In order to realize the promise of precision medicine, better biomarkers are needed to guide clinical decisions. New markers are needed to predict individuals at risk for developing a disease and thus may benefit from a particular intervention. Focusing on markers of mutagenesis is a promising strategy given that mutation is the ultimate source of all genetic variation, and mutated genes drive a number of important pathogenic processes, such as cancer. However, key elements are missing for evaluating mutagenesis in relation to disease risk. Absent are large-scale, well-characterized cohorts with high quality exposure data; populations with serial samples that have been collected and stored using uniform protocols; and the ability to robustly monitor somatic mutation in humans. We overcome these issues through a synergistic collaboration among clinicians, basic, computational, biostatistical, and population scientists that leverages an exceptionally sensitive next generation sequencing (NGS)-based mutational assay, which we recently developed; and its application to biological samples of the highest quality from both a clinical trial and the landmark Women?s Health Initiative (WHI) study. Our overarching goal is to contribute to the realization of the promise of precision prevention through completion of the following specific aims: 1) Monitor the kinetics of mutagenesis and selection across the human genome to identify robust mutational targets; 2) Examine the utility of somatic mutation induction as a biomarker of mutagenic exposure and its potential to stratify smokers that develop lung cancer versus those that do not; and 3) Test the utility of monitoring somatic mutation rate as a susceptibility/risk biomarker to identify individuals who will develop cancer. Overall, our proposal is innovative with respect to the technology used and its application to highly curated human samples. This project will highlight the potential utility of monitoring in vivo mutation induction to stratify cancer risk, providing a basis for directing medical intervention, lifestyle changes (i.e. limiting mutagen exposure), early diagnosis, and/or the application of chemopreventive measures with the potential to ultimately save lives.

Public Health Relevance

Monitoring the frequency of DNA mutations in humans has the potential to serve as early markers of exposure and increased risk of developing disease, but at present we lack validated, readily measured predictors that are clinically useful. The overarching goals of this proposal are to characterize the spectrum and burden of spontaneous and induced somatic DNA mutations in humans at unprecedented depth and fidelity, and to evaluate the utility of mutagenesis as a marker of exposure and predictor of risk for developing a disease.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS)
Type
Research Project--Cooperative Agreements (U01)
Project #
5U01ES029516-02
Application #
9775437
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZES1)
Program Officer
Shaughnessy, Daniel
Project Start
2018-09-15
Project End
2023-06-30
Budget Start
2019-07-01
Budget End
2020-06-30
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
2019
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
Department
Type
DUNS #
078200995
City
Seattle
State
WA
Country
United States
Zip Code
98109