Understanding of human intestinal physiology, pathophysiology of diarrheal diseases and development of anti-diarrheal drug therapy has been held back by lack of an available and easy to use model of human intestine. Recently two methods (from LGR5 positive intestinal stem cells and from isolated intact intestinal crypts) have been developed to allow development of human small intestinal organoids that form normal appearing villus/crypt axes which contain all normally occurring epithelial cells (Na absorptive, Cl secretory, goblet, enteroendocrine and Paneth). We propose to compare the two types of human small intestinal organoids and use them to advance understanding of normal intestinal digestive physiology and the pathophysiology of several important human diarrheal diseases. We will 1) compare the two types of human small intestinal organoids for a) how they develop polarity and differentiation over time and define the distribution and changes with organoid differentiation of transport proteins involved in Na absorption and Cl secretion, processes which become abnormal in diarrhea. b) Test the function in the organoids of two transport proteins that are important for the pathophysiology of diarrhea, NHE3 and CFTR under basal and regulated conditions which mimic normal digestive physiology and become abnormal in diarrhea. c) Use the organoids and understanding of Na absorption and Cl secretion to increase understanding of three important human diarrheal diseases caused by cholera toxin, rotavirus and enterohemorrhagic E. coli. Other important potential uses of the organoids are for a) high throughput drug screening based on the fluorescence assays for NHE3 and CFTR and b) personalized medicine, since the organoids can be developed from individual patients.

Public Health Relevance

Understanding of human intestinal physiology, pathophysiology of diarrheal diseases and development of anti-diarrheal drug therapy has been held back by lack of an available and easy to use model of human intestine. There are now two methods allowing growth of intestinal organoids which consist of all normally present intestinal epithelial cells organized into a crypt/villus axis. We will compare these two methods as to how they polarize, differentiate, and the location of transport proteins the abnormal function of which contribute to the pathophysiology of diarrhea (NHE3 and CFTR);evaluate the function of these transport proteins under normal conditions;and use the organoid models to study pathophysiology, including function of these transport proteins, of three important diarrheal diseases, cholera, rotavirus and enterohemorrhagic E. coli.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS)
Type
Research Demonstration--Cooperative Agreements (U18)
Project #
3U18TR000552-02S2
Application #
8841549
Study Section
Program Officer
Tagle, Danilo A
Project Start
2012-07-24
Project End
2015-06-30
Budget Start
2014-08-15
Budget End
2015-06-30
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
2014
Total Cost
$159,750
Indirect Cost
$31,000
Name
Johns Hopkins University
Department
Internal Medicine/Medicine
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
001910777
City
Baltimore
State
MD
Country
United States
Zip Code
21218
Yin, Jianyi; Tse, Chung-Ming; Avula, Leela Rani et al. (2018) Molecular Basis and Differentiation-Associated Alterations of Anion Secretion in Human Duodenal Enteroid Monolayers. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 5:591-609
Blutt, Sarah E; Crawford, Sue E; Ramani, Sasirekha et al. (2018) Engineered Human Gastrointestinal Cultures to Study the Microbiome and Infectious Diseases. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 5:241-251
Ramani, Sasirekha; Crawford, Sue E; Blutt, Sarah E et al. (2018) Human organoid cultures: transformative new tools for human virus studies. Curr Opin Virol 29:79-86
Zou, Winnie Y; Blutt, Sarah E; Crawford, Sue E et al. (2017) Human Intestinal Enteroids: New Models to Study Gastrointestinal Virus Infections. Methods Mol Biol :
Cil, Onur; Phuan, Puay-Wah; Gillespie, Anne Marie et al. (2017) Benzopyrimido-pyrrolo-oxazine-dione CFTR inhibitor (R)-BPO-27 for antisecretory therapy of diarrheas caused by bacterial enterotoxins. FASEB J 31:751-760
Blutt, Sarah E; Broughman, James R; Zou, Winnie et al. (2017) Gastrointestinal microphysiological systems. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 242:1633-1642
Vernetti, Lawrence; Gough, Albert; Baetz, Nicholas et al. (2017) Functional Coupling of Human Microphysiology Systems: Intestine, Liver, Kidney Proximal Tubule, Blood-Brain Barrier and Skeletal Muscle. Sci Rep 7:42296
Yu, Huimin; Hasan, Nesrin M; In, Julie G et al. (2017) The Contributions of Human Mini-Intestines to the Study of Intestinal Physiology and Pathophysiology. Annu Rev Physiol 79:291-312
Saxena, Kapil; Simon, Lukas M; Zeng, Xi-Lei et al. (2017) A paradox of transcriptional and functional innate interferon responses of human intestinal enteroids to enteric virus infection. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 114:E570-E579
Foulke-Abel, Jennifer; In, Julie; Yin, Jianyi et al. (2016) Human Enteroids as a Model of Upper Small Intestinal Ion Transport Physiology and Pathophysiology. Gastroenterology 150:638-649.e8

Showing the most recent 10 out of 17 publications