We are carrying out live-cell microscopy to examine the movement of HIV-1 complexes in infected cells, determine the kinetics of their association with the NE, and visualize their nuclear import. We will determine whether interactions between HIV-1 integrase and host proteins LEDGF and/or HRP-2 are critical for the tethering of HIV-1 PICs to the chromatin domains near the NE. We will develop methods to visualize integrated proviral DNAs and compare the distribution of PICs to proviral DNAs in infected cells. Wild-type HIV-1 can infect non-dividing cells, but some HIV-1 CA mutants and MLV can only infect dividing cells. We will analyze NE association and nuclear import of these HIV-1 mutants and MLV to determine the stage at which infection of non-dividing cells is blocked. HIV-1 viral cores are disassembled after infection in a poorly understood process known as uncoating. We will analyze the kinetics and nature of HIV-1 uncoating in infected cells by labeling viral complexes with A3F-YFP and other fluorescent markers. Host protein cyclophilin binds to HIV-1 CA in infected cells, but the functional consequences of this interaction on viral replication are not well understood. We are examining the impact of cyclophilin-binding CA mutants to NE association and nuclear import to elucidate this virus-host interaction. MX2 is a recently identified host restriction factor that inhibits HIV-1 replication by binding to viral cores. We are analyzing replication of A3F-YFP-labeled virions in MX2-expressing cells to determine the mechanism(s) by which MX2 inhibits HIV-1 replication. _____[Corresponds to Pathak Project 3 in the October 2011 site visit report of the HIV Drug Resistance Program]

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Type
Investigator-Initiated Intramural Research Projects (ZIA)
Project #
1ZIABC011436-04
Application #
9153916
Study Section
Project Start
Project End
Budget Start
Budget End
Support Year
4
Fiscal Year
2015
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Basic Sciences
Department
Type
DUNS #
City
State
Country
Zip Code
Liu, Yang; Nikolaitchik, Olga A; Rahman, Sheikh Abdul et al. (2017) HIV-1 Sequence Necessary and Sufficient to Package Non-viral RNAs into HIV-1 Particles. J Mol Biol 429:2542-2555
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Cingöz, Oya; Paprotka, Tobias; Delviks-Frankenberry, Krista A et al. (2012) Characterization, mapping, and distribution of the two XMRV parental proviruses. J Virol 86:328-38

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