9357520 Liu This project is for one of the NSF Young Investigator (NYI) awardees. The awardee plans to investigate the transport phenomena and surface properties of mixed ionic-electronic conductors. The intention is to improve the design of materials vital to batteries, fuel cells, sensors, and devices for removal of NOx and H2S. The awardee also intends to inspire the students in the solid state ionics, which will impact energy, environment, and the quality of life. %%% This is a NSF Young Investigator (NYI) award. The awardee will pursue fundamental investigation into the solid state ionics. The intention is to improve the design of materials for batteries, fuel cells, sensors, and gas removal devices. the awardee also intends to inspire the students in solid state ionics, which will impact energy, environment, and the quality of life. ***