Hepatotoxicity of new drugs, which is often unpredictable in the preclinical phase of drug discovery, causes failure of 50% of pharmaceuticals that make it to Phase I clinical trials, resulting in ~2-6yr loss in time and ~$15 million in resources per drug. Current in vitro drug screening platforms typically do not consider zonation in hepatocyte metabolism, which is critical for accurate modeling of in vivo function as biotransformation occurs to different extents in different zones, affecting hepatotoxicity. Although many metabolic zonal inducers have been studied, most notably O2, we still lack a systematic understanding of what concentration and concentration gradients of the chemical inducers lead to physiological zonation. Our long-term goal is to create a physiologically relevant, high-throughput system for predictive in vitro drug-screening. Our objective is to develop a systematic understanding of how concentration gradients in chemical agents induce hepatic metabolic zonation and incorporate this understanding into a high-throughput microfluidic screening platform for rapid drug toxicity screening. The central hypothesis is that dynamic zonation of hepatocyte metabolism can be generated using concentration gradients in zonation induction agents (O2, hormones, bile acids, and ethanol) to direct the development of morphologically and metabolically distinct zones within a microfluidic hepatocyte cell culture to elucidate xenobiotic hepatotoxicity. The rationale for this proposal is that current microfabrication technology allows the use of microfluidics to create more physiological liver models that incorporate hepatocyte heterogeneity. Furthermore, such microfluidic platforms can be multiplexed for high- throughput analysis, allowing precisely controlled and efficient drug screening.
Aim 1 : Design and fabricate a multiplexed microfluidic platform for hepatocyte culture to systematically determine the concentration effects of zonation inducers on cell metabolism.
Aim 2 : Create a microfluidic platform to assess the effects of concentration gradients of single and multiple zonation induction agents on hepatocyte dynamic metabolism.
Aim 3 : Create hepatocyte metabolic zonation in the flow-direction via cellular consumption, mimicking liver physiology, and test the hepatotoxicity of various drugs in long-term culture. The successful outcome of these aims will provide novel in vitro microfluidic culture systems capable of reproducing zonal hepatocyte morphology and metabolism. We expect to elucidate the connection between gradients of zonal inducers along the acinus and hepatocyte dynamic metabolic responses, and to correlate metabolic response to drug metabolism and toxicity. The broader impact of the studies will be the development of a predictive, high- throughput in vitro drug-screening platform to replace poorly predictive animal models.

Public Health Relevance

In this proposal, we aim to create novel microfluidic culture platforms capable of inducing zonal hepatocyte morphology and metabolism for drug-screening. We will elucidate the connection between gradients of zonal inducers along the acinus and zonation of hepatocyte dynamic metabolism, and will correlate metabolic response to drug metabolism and toxicity. The broader impact of the studies will be the development of a predictive, high throughput in vitro drug-screening platform to replace poorly predictive in vivo animal models.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)
Type
Postdoctoral Individual National Research Service Award (F32)
Project #
5F32DK098905-03
Application #
8840944
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZDK1)
Program Officer
Densmore, Christine L
Project Start
2013-05-01
Project End
2016-03-31
Budget Start
2015-05-01
Budget End
2016-03-31
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
2015
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Massachusetts General Hospital
Department
Type
DUNS #
073130411
City
Boston
State
MA
Country
United States
Zip Code
McCarty, William J; Usta, O Berk; Yarmush, Martin L (2016) A Microfabricated Platform for Generating Physiologically-Relevant Hepatocyte Zonation. Sci Rep 6:26868
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McCarty, William J; Prodanov, Ljupcho; Bale, Shyam Sundhar et al. (2015) Layer-by-layer Collagen Deposition in Microfluidic Devices for Microtissue Stabilization. J Vis Exp :
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McCarty, William J; Usta, O Berk; Luitje, Martha et al. (2014) A novel ultrathin collagen nanolayer assembly for 3-D microtissue engineering: Layer-by-layer collagen deposition for long-term stable microfluidic hepatocyte culture. Technology (Singap World Sci) 2:67-74
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