Despite the refinement of surgical techniques and devices over the past two decades, the durability of mitral valve repair in the context of ischemic mitral regurgitation remains disappointing. Finite element modeling of the mitral valve has previously demonstrated that disruption of optimal annular and leaflet geometry dramatically increases peak leaflet stress. Furthermore, recent studies have shown that disruption of normal valvular-ventricular mechanics contributes to ischemic left ventricular remodeling as well as adverse valvular bioarchitechtural remodeling. Initial work in our laboratory has demonstrated that mitral annuloplasty utilizing a traditional planar ring fails to restore normal mitral annular and leaflet geometry in an ovine model of ischemic mitral regurgitation. We hypothesize that 1). as IMR develops progressive annular dilatation and flattening leads to increased leaflet and chordal stress, which is associated with contractile dysfunction of the LV basilar segments.2) Placement of a flat annuloplasty ring to treat IMR exacerbates these maladaptive stress patterns and further impairs basilar LV function. 3) Placement of a three-dimensionally appropriate (i.e. saddle-shaped) annuloplasty ring to treat IMR improves leaflet and chordal stress patterns and improves/preserves basilar LV function. To test our hypotheses, we will apply geometric and finite element modeling based on high-resolution echocardiographic imaging to a well-characterized ovine model of chronic ischemic mitral regurgitation undergoing mitral annuloplasty with either a traditional flat ring or a custom-built non-planar """"""""saddle"""""""" shaped ring.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
Type
Postdoctoral Individual National Research Service Award (F32)
Project #
5F32HL099172-02
Application #
8016028
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZRG1-F10A-S (20))
Program Officer
Meadows, Tawanna
Project Start
2010-01-11
Project End
2012-01-10
Budget Start
2011-01-11
Budget End
2012-01-10
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
2011
Total Cost
$57,434
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Pennsylvania
Department
Surgery
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
042250712
City
Philadelphia
State
PA
Country
United States
Zip Code
19104
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Nathan, Derek P; Xu, Chun; Gorman 3rd, Joseph H et al. (2011) Pathogenesis of acute aortic dissection: a finite element stress analysis. Ann Thorac Surg 91:458-63
Nathan, Derek P; Xu, Chun; Plappert, Ted et al. (2011) Increased ascending aortic wall stress in patients with bicuspid aortic valves. Ann Thorac Surg 92:1384-9