Approximately 5.3 million Americas currently suffer from Alzheimer's disease and, in the absence of effective treatments, this number is expected to balloon to over 14 million by the year 2050. Current immunization studies targeting A? pathology have been largely unsuccessful at stabilizing or restoring cognitive deficits, suggesting that they do not target the proper species: tau. By the time patients are showing signs of dementia, tau pathology is likely to be the principal driver of disease, not A?. A major limitation to current tau antibody therapeutic strategies is the reliance on linear epitope binding for screening, selection, and production of novel antibodies. In this manner, physiologically-relevant tau species may not be targeted. My central hypothesis is that the field of anti-tau antibody development can be improved by two separate means: by employing novel screening technology for selection of monoclonal antibodies and by optimizing immunization antigens for production of monoclonal antibodies. The main goals of this proposal are 1) to determine whether a correlation exists between efficacy of blocking tau seeding in vitro and functional recovery in vivo, as suggested in a recent study by the Diamond and Holtzman Laboratories (Yanamandra et al., in press) and 2) to investigate novel tau aggregates for animal immunization.
Aim 1 will test if inhibition of tau seeding in vitro predicts in vivo efficacy. A lage panel of pre-existing antibodies will be screened for their capacity to inhibit tau seeding using two separate aggregation detection assays. Six antibodies will be chosen, over a range of efficacies, for in vivo administration into mid- to late-age P301S mice. After either 6 or 18 weeks of treatment, animals will be assessed pathologically (with immunohistochemistry and ELISA), behaviorally (with fear conditioning), and synaptically (with functional connectivity and optical intrinsic signal imaging) to determine if tau seeding inhibition is predictive of functional recovey.
Aim 2 will develop novel anti-tau antibodies from a panel of tau antigens. Recombinant or human-derived tau aggregates of variable sizes (large fibrils, trimer, ~10mer, ~20mer, ~40mer) will be used to immunize mice, and resultant antibodies will be screened for antigen-binding capacity and tau seeding inhibition. Per antigen, six antibodies will be selected for purification and use in future studies outside the scope of this proposal. Cumulatively, it is expected that thi proposal will produce antibodies superior to those currently available because of our innovative approach for targeting tau seeds or seeding activity, rather than linear epitopes. The completion of these Aims will have a significant and direct impact on the development of future novel AD therapeutics.

Public Health Relevance

Alzheimer's disease is a fatal dementia currently affecting over 5.2 million Americans for which there is no cure. This research study will investigate innovative strategies for screening and production of antibodies that directly target toxic tau seeds, which may ultimately lead to a therapeutic strategy for improving cognition.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)
Type
Postdoctoral Individual National Research Service Award (F32)
Project #
7F32NS087805-02
Application #
8814131
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZRG1-F03A-N (20))
Program Officer
Corriveau, Roderick A
Project Start
2014-03-01
Project End
2017-02-28
Budget Start
2015-03-01
Budget End
2016-02-29
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
2015
Total Cost
$54,194
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Texas Sw Medical Center Dallas
Department
Type
DUNS #
800771545
City
Dallas
State
TX
Country
United States
Zip Code
75390
Furman, Jennifer L; Vaquer-Alicea, Jaime; White 3rd, Charles L et al. (2017) Widespread tau seeding activity at early Braak stages. Acta Neuropathol 133:91-100
Furman, Jennifer L; Diamond, Marc I (2017) FRET and Flow Cytometry Assays to Measure Proteopathic Seeding Activity in Biological Samples. Methods Mol Biol 1523:349-359
Furman, Jennifer L; Holmes, Brandon B; Diamond, Marc I (2015) Sensitive Detection of Proteopathic Seeding Activity with FRET Flow Cytometry. J Vis Exp :e53205
Holmes, Brandon B; Furman, Jennifer L; Mahan, Thomas E et al. (2014) Proteopathic tau seeding predicts tauopathy in vivo. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 111:E4376-85