A better understanding of how the liver regenerates in response to toxic injuries, such as from drug exposure or viral infection, will lead to new treatments with an immense impact on liver disease. We have developed an innovative genetic screen to identify and rank - for the first time - key regulators of liver repopulation following toxic injury. We have discovered two exceptional associations among the >40 genes: (1) Foxa3, a transcription factor that is known to be important for liver development, is one of the strongest promoters of liver repopulation, and (2) Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor 1 (TNFR1), important for signaling of inflammation in hepatocytes and previously thought to help initiate liver regeneration, was found to be the most significant suppressor of repopulation among all the genes tested. The hypothesis of this proposal is that Foxa3 and TNFR1 play critical roles in regulating liver regeneration. We propose the following Specific Aims:
Specific Aim 1 : To investigate the mechanisms underlying Foxa3-mediated promotion of liver repopulation.
Specific Aim 2 : To assess whether TNFR1 deletion and targeted anti-TNF therapy can promote liver repopulation. The experimental approach outlined here is designed to carefully dissect the roles of Foxa3 and TNFR1 in regulating liver regeneration, and to assess the clinical significance of these findings. We will identify how genetic deletion of Foxa3 and TNFR1 affects liver repopulation. We will characterize the protein domains and the genomic DNA binding sites of Foxa3 that are necessary to enhance repopulation. Finally, we will assess the signaling pathway for TNFR1 that inhibits repopulation and whether drugs targeting TNFR1 inflammatory signaling can improve liver repopulation. This proposal also outlines my 5-year plan to continue to develop as a physician-scientist in Gastroenterology, with the goal of becoming an independent principle investigator. As a clinician, I plan to focus in hepatology, and with a sub-focus on adults with congenital disorders of the liver. As a scientist, I will continue to flourish under th mentorship of Dr. Kaestner, and will continue to engage with the lab in regular meetings and journal clubs. I will meet semi-annually with an advisory committee consisting of senior physician-scientists in gastroenterology, Drs. Ben Stanger and Michael Pack. I plan to submit manuscripts to high-impact journals and to obtain funding from the NIH and from GI societies. The Gastroenterology Division at the University of Pennsylvania has a long track record of preparing successful physician-scientists and is an ideal environment for my maturation toward independent laboratory investigation.

Public Health Relevance

The liver has a unique capability of regenerating to maintain normal function after injuries such as with drugs or viral infections, and a better understanding o the genetic basis for how this occurs will lead to powerful new treatments for devastating human liver diseases. We have developed an innovative screen to compare more than 40 candidate gene regulators of regeneration, and discovered that two genes have an unexpectedly high degree of impact on either promoting or repressing liver repopulation. Our proposed experiments will elucidate the mechanisms for how these genes effect liver regeneration and have the potential to reveal new drug treatments for liver disease.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)
Type
Clinical Investigator Award (CIA) (K08)
Project #
5K08DK106478-05
Application #
9685182
Study Section
Kidney, Urologic and Hematologic Diseases D Subcommittee (DDK)
Program Officer
Saslowsky, David E
Project Start
2015-07-15
Project End
2020-04-30
Budget Start
2019-05-01
Budget End
2020-04-30
Support Year
5
Fiscal Year
2019
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Pennsylvania
Department
Internal Medicine/Medicine
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
042250712
City
Philadelphia
State
PA
Country
United States
Zip Code
19104
Wang, Amber W; Wangensteen, Kirk J; Wang, Yue J et al. (2018) TRAP-seq identifies cystine/glutamate antiporter as a driver of recovery from liver injury. J Clin Invest 128:2297-2309
Wang, Min-Jun; Chen, Fei; Liu, Qing-Gui et al. (2018) Insulin-like growth factor 2 is a key mitogen driving liver repopulation in mice. Cell Death Dis 9:26
Wangensteen, Kirk J; Wang, Yue J; Dou, Zhixun et al. (2018) Combinatorial genetics in liver repopulation and carcinogenesis with a in vivo CRISPR activation platform. Hepatology 68:663-676
Dou, Zhixun; Ghosh, Kanad; Vizioli, Maria Grazia et al. (2017) Cytoplasmic chromatin triggers inflammation in senescence and cancer. Nature 550:402-406
Shin, Soona; Wangensteen, Kirk J; Teta-Bissett, Monica et al. (2016) Genetic lineage tracing analysis of the cell of origin of hepatotoxin-induced liver tumors in mice. Hepatology 64:1163-1177
De Luca-Johnson, Javier; Wangensteen, Kirk J; Hanson, Joshua et al. (2016) Natural History of Patients Presenting with Autoimmune Hepatitis and Coincident Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Dig Dis Sci 61:2710-20