I am a clinical investigator with a research interest in the pathobiology of pulmonary infections. I perform molecular assays on clinical samples obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage and then conduct mechanistic studies in model systems. This approach has been productive and has been effective in training clinical investigators. My research is supported by 2 R01 grants. """"""""HIV/TB Interaction in the Lung"""""""" investigates the hypothesis that resting alveolar macrophages express a set of transcriptional repressers that normally inhibit HIV replication in the lung. During tuberculosis (TB), inflammatory cells are recruited to the lung, contact macrophages, and derepress the HIV-1 LTR. Soluble factors from the inflammatory cells then activate transcription. This 2-step process is necessary and sufficient for the high-level replication of HIV-1 observed in persons with TB. A second recently funded R01-supported study, for which I am a co-Pi, is titled """"""""Longitudinal Studies of HIV-Associated Bacterial Pneumonia."""""""" This study extends the work of the laboratory to investigate bacterial pneumonia. The hypothesis of this second study is that HIV-positive individuals receiving antiretroviral therapy will continue to develop bacterial pneumonia and other pulmonary infections that will lead to characteristic cellular recruitment and activation in the lung. This process will enhance HIV-1 replication and mutation, accelerating the course of AIDS. The longitudinal study is the subject of the research section of this grant. I currently spend 45% effort in clinical service. The K24 Midcareer Investigator Award in Patient-Oriented Research would enable me to reduce patient care responsibilities to 10% effort, so I can increase my focus on training the next generation of clinical investigators. I will be able to increase by 2-fold the number of physicians who I can adequately mentor in translational research. A second goal of the K24 award is to obtain training in infectious diseases epidemiology and matriculate in the MPH program at Columbia University. This didactic experience will enhance my collaboration with epidemiologists and will allow me to learn the quantitative techniques required to analyze large data sets. The support provide by the K24 award will enhance my potential to participate in translational research programs that develop effective novel strategies for the improved care of HIV-infected patients with secondary pulmonary infections.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
Type
Midcareer Investigator Award in Patient-Oriented Research (K24)
Project #
5K24AI080298-03
Application #
7911897
Study Section
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Research Review Committee (AIDS)
Program Officer
Huebner, Robin E
Project Start
2008-09-01
Project End
2013-07-31
Budget Start
2010-08-01
Budget End
2011-07-31
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
2010
Total Cost
$144,689
Indirect Cost
Name
New York University
Department
Internal Medicine/Medicine
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
121911077
City
New York
State
NY
Country
United States
Zip Code
10016
Segal, Leopoldo N; Clemente, Jose C; Wu, Benjamin G et al. (2017) Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial with azithromycin selects for anti-inflammatory microbial metabolites in the emphysematous lung. Thorax 72:13-22
Segal, Leopoldo N; Clemente, Jose C; Li, Yonghua et al. (2017) Anaerobic Bacterial Fermentation Products Increase Tuberculosis Risk in Antiretroviral-Drug-Treated HIV Patients. Cell Host Microbe 21:530-537.e4
Segal, Leopoldo N; Clemente, Jose C; Tsay, Jun-Chieh J et al. (2016) Enrichment of the lung microbiome with oral taxa is associated with lung inflammation of a Th17 phenotype. Nat Microbiol 1:16031
Weiden, Michael D; Kwon, Sophia; Caraher, Erin et al. (2015) Biomarkers of World Trade Center Particulate Matter Exposure: Physiology of Distal Airway and Blood Biomarkers that Predict FEV? Decline. Semin Respir Crit Care Med 36:323-33
Segal, Leopoldo N; Rom, William N; Weiden, Michael D (2014) Lung microbiome for clinicians. New discoveries about bugs in healthy and diseased lungs. Ann Am Thorac Soc 11:108-16
Weiden, Michael D; Hoshino, Satomi; Levy, David N et al. (2014) Adenosine deaminase acting on RNA-1 (ADAR1) inhibits HIV-1 replication in human alveolar macrophages. PLoS One 9:e108476
Cho, Soo Jung; Echevarria, Ghislaine C; Kwon, Sophia et al. (2014) One airway: Biomarkers of protection from upper and lower airway injury after World Trade Center exposure. Respir Med 108:162-70
Weiden, Michael D; Naveed, Bushra; Kwon, Sophia et al. (2013) Cardiovascular biomarkers predict susceptibility to lung injury in World Trade Center dust-exposed firefighters. Eur Respir J 41:1023-30
Cho, Soo Jung; Nolan, Anna; Echevarria, Ghislaine C et al. (2013) Chitotriosidase is a biomarker for the resistance to World Trade Center lung injury in New York City firefighters. J Clin Immunol 33:1134-42
Webber, Mayris P; Glaser, Michelle S; Weakley, Jessica et al. (2011) Physician-diagnosed respiratory conditions and mental health symptoms 7-9 years following the World Trade Center disaster. Am J Ind Med 54:661-71

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