Abstract

Following viral infections, the first line of defense consists of a highly organized and aggressive innate immune response, while the adaptive immune response, lagging behind, only develops in the context of an active innate immunity. While we have gained extensive knowledge regarding the mechanisms that determine the specificity of the adaptive immune response, very little is known about the mechanisms that determine the recognition of HIV-1 by the innate immune response. However, not only is the innate immune response critical in viral containment at a time when the adaptive immune response is just developing, it is also critical in shaping the function of the subsequent adaptive immune response. Therefore comprehensive studies aimed at deconstructing this early critical arm of the immune response, and its relationship to the adaptive immune response, are necessary to begin to more globally understand the correlates of protective immunity. Since the initial description of pattern recognition receptors, including Toll-like Receptors (TLRs), it has become more and more apparent that these receptors play a crucial role in

  Funding Agency

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
Type
Research Program Projects (P01)
Project #
3P01AI074415-05S1
Application #
8721583
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZAI1-IPG-A)
Project Start
Project End
Budget Start
2012-09-01
Budget End
2013-08-31
Support Year
5
Fiscal Year
2013
Total Cost
$1,715,563
Indirect Cost
$483,281

  Institution

Name
Massachusetts General Hospital
Department
Type
DUNS #
073130411
City
Boston
State
MA
Country
United States
Zip Code
02199

  Publications

Martins, Mauricio A; Tully, Damien C; Shin, Young C et al. (2017) Rare Control of SIVmac239 Infection in a Vaccinated Rhesus Macaque. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 33:843-858
Tully, Damien C; Ogilvie, Colin B; Batorsky, Rebecca E et al. (2016) Differences in the Selection Bottleneck between Modes of Sexual Transmission Influence the Genetic Composition of the HIV-1 Founder Virus. PLoS Pathog 12:e1005619
Scully, Eileen P; Lockhart, Ainsley; Garcia-Beltran, Wilfredo et al. (2016) Innate immune reconstitution with suppression of HIV-1. JCI Insight 1:e85433
Blashill, Aaron J; Tomassilli, Julia; Biello, Katie et al. (2016) Body Dissatisfaction Among Sexual Minority Men: Psychological and Sexual Health Outcomes. Arch Sex Behav 45:1241-7
Carlson, Jonathan M; Du, Victor Y; Pfeifer, Nico et al. (2016) Impact of pre-adapted HIV transmission. Nat Med 22:606-13
Scully, Eileen; Lockhart, Ainsley; Huang, Lisa et al. (2016) Elevated Levels of Microbial Translocation Markers and CCL2 Among Older HIV-1-Infected Men. J Infect Dis 213:771-5
Palmer, Christine D; Romero-Tejeda, Marisol; Sirignano, Michael et al. (2016) Naturally Occurring Subclinical Endotoxemia in Humans Alters Adaptive and Innate Immune Functions through Reduced MAPK and Increased STAT1 Phosphorylation. J Immunol 196:668-77
Sun, Hong; Kim, Dhohyung; Li, Xiaodong et al. (2015) Th1/17 Polarization of CD4 T Cells Supports HIV-1 Persistence during Antiretroviral Therapy. J Virol 89:11284-93
Martins, Mauricio A; Tully, Damien C; Cruz, Michael A et al. (2015) Vaccine-Induced Simian Immunodeficiency Virus-Specific CD8+ T-Cell Responses Focused on a Single Nef Epitope Select for Escape Variants Shortly after Infection. J Virol 89:10802-20
Streeck, Hendrik; Lu, Richard; Beckwith, Noor et al. (2014) Emergence of individual HIV-specific CD8 T cell responses during primary HIV-1 infection can determine long-term disease outcome. J Virol 88:12793-801

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