Neural tube defects (NTDs), primarily spina bifida and anencephaly, arise from a complex interplay of multiple gene interactions and environmental exposures. After 30 years of clinical and basic research, the field remains unable to accurately predict the risk for an individual couple of having a child affected by NTD, how folic acid (FA) works to prevent NTDs, whether or what dose of FA is likely provide effective prevention for them or whether there is another nutrient/supplement or intervention that would provide greater benefit The recent confluence of information from genetic mouse models, capabilities of molecular biological and biochemical detection in embryonic systems and advances in genomics and computational genetics now provides sufficient power to successfully address this complex genetic disorder. Project 1 will test the following hypotheses: 1. that combinations of rare variant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) will display associations useful for the definition of individual NTD risk in humans, and 2. that recognition of interactions between these genetic patterns with environmental conditions, including FA intake and factors common to inflammation or oxidative/nitrosative stress, can further increase their predictive value. This project will use deep resequencing of NTD patient DNA, targeted to human counterparts of some 1,000 genes implicated in NTD pathogenesis by clinical and animal model studies, to identify rare variant alleles that are overrepresented in NTD patients. These will be used to design custom SNP assays for screening larger patient numbers for analyses of single gene and pair-wise associations with NTD. Computational modeling will assess the potential impact of NTD associated SNPs on key developmental and metabolic pathways. The functional significance of SNP associations in humans will be functionally tested first for impact on Wnt/PCP, FA metabolism and oxidative/nitrosative stress using in vitro and mouse systems assays that will also be used to validate and inform computational modeling. Because the overt NTD phenotypes are readily recognized in humans and experimental animals, NTDs may well be the first complex genetic disorder for which gene-gene and gene-environment interactions can be understood in depth. Progress made for this disorder can provide useful analytical tools for identifying molecular network interactions relevant to later-onset complex genetic disorders, like schizophrenia and autism.

Public Health Relevance

This Program will provide the most comprehensive translational information to date toward the understanding of human NTD risk and prevention. It could also serve as a model strategy for investigating the involvement of FA metabolism and oxidative stress in other diseases, including complex genetic disorders such as autism and schizophrenia, thought to be subject to gene-environment interactions.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development (NICHD)
Type
Research Program Projects (P01)
Project #
5P01HD067244-03
Application #
8478153
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZHD1-DSR-N (RM))
Program Officer
Henken, Deborah B
Project Start
2011-09-10
Project End
2016-06-30
Budget Start
2013-07-01
Budget End
2014-06-30
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
2013
Total Cost
$1,073,997
Indirect Cost
$273,648
Name
Weill Medical College of Cornell University
Department
Neurology
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
060217502
City
New York
State
NY
Country
United States
Zip Code
10065
Dong, Yuqi; Wang, Linlin; Lei, Yunping et al. (2018) Gene variants in the folate pathway are associated with increased levels of folate receptor autoantibodies. Birth Defects Res 110:973-981
Sindelar, Miriam; Dyke, Jonathan P; Deeb, Ruba S et al. (2018) Untargeted Metabolite Profiling of Cerebrospinal Fluid Uncovers Biomarkers for Severity of Late Infantile Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis (CLN2, Batten Disease). Sci Rep 8:15229
Chen, Zhongzhong; Lei, Yunping; Zheng, Yufang et al. (2018) Threshold for neural tube defect risk by accumulated singleton loss-of-function variants. Cell Res 28:1039-1041
Wang, Linlin; Xiao, Yanhui; Tian, Tian et al. (2018) Digenic variants of planar cell polarity genes in human neural tube defect patients. Mol Genet Metab 124:94-100
Kim, Jimi; Lei, Yunping; Guo, Jin et al. (2018) Formate rescues neural tube defects caused by mutations in Slc25a32. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 115:4690-4695
Gao, Xiaoya; Finnell, Richard H; Wang, Hongyan et al. (2018) Network correlation analysis revealed potential new mechanisms for neural tube defects beyond folic acid. Birth Defects Res 110:982-993
Avagliano, Laura; Massa, Valentina; George, Timothy M et al. (2018) Overview on neural tube defects: From development to physical characteristics. Birth Defects Res :
Chen, Zhongzhong; Lei, Yunping; Cao, Xuanye et al. (2018) Genetic analysis of Wnt/PCP genes in neural tube defects. BMC Med Genomics 11:38
Sudarov, Anamaria; Zhang, Xin-Jun; Braunstein, Leighton et al. (2018) Mature Hippocampal Neurons Require LIS1 for Synaptic Integrity: Implications for Cognition. Biol Psychiatry 83:518-529
Chen, Zhongzhong; Kuang, Lele; Finnell, Richard H et al. (2018) Genetic and functional analysis of SHROOM1-4 in a Chinese neural tube defect cohort. Hum Genet 137:195-202

Showing the most recent 10 out of 54 publications