Project I's overall goal is to develop evidence-based definitions of 3 specific language disabilities in written language (SLDs-WL): Impaired Handwriting;Impaired Word Reading/Spelling;Impaired Reading Comprehension/WrittenExpression.
Research Aim 1 is to test Hypothesis 1 that the prior findings of relationships between unique impairments in Learning Profiles (patterns of impaired and non-impaired reading, writing, and oral language skills) and unique impairments in Phenotype Profiles (working memory storage and processing units, loops, and executive functions for supervisory attention), replicate.
Research Aim 2 is to test Hypothesis 2 that each ofthe 3 SLDs-WL will differentially predict response to intervention (RTI) during the portion of the specialized instruction tailored to the nature of the impairment in a specific SLD-WL: slower RTI and less stability on written language outcomes for its defining impairment(s) compared to the other 2 SLDs-WL and controls from pretest to posttest (following specialized instruction) to long-term follow-up 1 (about a year later) and follow-up 2 (about 2 years later).
Specific Aim 3 is to test Hypothesis 3 that professional development of teachers will improve language learning and phenotype skills further and/or maintain them if next year's language arts teacher receives professional development on language, executive functions, and differentiated instruction after follow-up 1;to test it, student outcomes between long- term follow-ups 1 and 2 will be compared.
Specific Aim 4 is to test Hypothesis 4 that interdisciplinary variables explain RTI better (explain unique variance and more variance) than variables from a single discipline: motivation, brain, gene, working memory phenotype, and language learning measures will be used as predictors in cross-center multiple regressions of longitudinal RTI. To accomplish its research aims. Project I will work closely with Projects II, III, and Administrative Core A and Service Core B.

Public Health Relevance

Students with SLDs-WL are at risk for grade retention, school-drop out, failure to graduate from high school or gain access to higher education, dificulties in some work environments, and mental health problems resulting from their disabilities and lack of school success. The proposed research may lead to evidence- based definitions used for differential diagnosis and instruction to reduce the number of students with these adverse educational and mental health outcomes.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development (NICHD)
Type
Specialized Center (P50)
Project #
1P50HD071764-01
Application #
8280542
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZHD1-DSR-H (53))
Project Start
2011-12-15
Project End
2016-11-30
Budget Start
2011-12-15
Budget End
2012-11-30
Support Year
1
Fiscal Year
2012
Total Cost
$792,210
Indirect Cost
$237,378
Name
University of Washington
Department
Type
DUNS #
605799469
City
Seattle
State
WA
Country
United States
Zip Code
98195
Nielsen, Kathleen; Andria-Habermann, Kathryn; Richards, Todd et al. (2018) Emotional and Behavioral Correlates of Persisting Specific Learning Disabilities in Written Language during Middle Childhood and Early Adolescence. J Psychoeduc Assess 36:651-669
Thompson, Robert; Tanimoto, Steve; Lyman, Ruby Dawn et al. (2018) Effective Instruction for Persisting Dyslexia in Upper Grades: Adding Hope Stories and Computer Coding to Explicit Literacy Instruction. Educ Inf Technol (Dordr) 23:1043-4068
Alston-Abel, Nicole Lynn; Berninger, Virginia (2018) Relationships between Home Literacy Practices and School Achievement: Implications for Consultation and Home-School Collaboration. J Educ Psychol Consult 28:164-189
Richards, Todd L; Berninger, Virginia W; Yagle, Kevin et al. (2018) Brain's functional network clustering coefficient changes in response to instruction (RTI) in students with and without reading disabilities: Multi-leveled reading brain's RTI. Cogent Psychol 5:
Sanders, Elizabeth A; Berninger, Virginia W; Abbott, Robert D (2018) Sequential Prediction of Literacy Achievement for Specific Learning Disabilities Contrasting in Impaired Levels of Language in Grades 4 to 9. J Learn Disabil 51:137-157
Nielsen, Kathleen; Henderson, Sheila; Barnett, Anna L et al. (2018) Movement Issues Identified in Movement ABC2 Checklist Parent Ratings for Students with Persisting Dysgraphia, Dyslexia, and OWL LD and Typical Literacy Learners. Learn Disabil (Pittsbg) 23:10-23
Yagle, Kevin; Richards, Todd; Askren, Katie et al. (2017) Relationships between Eye Movements during Sentence Reading Comprehension, Word Spelling and Reading, and DTI and fmri Connectivity In Students with and without Dysgraphia or Dyslexia. J Syst Integr Neurosci 3:
Richards, Todd; Pettet, Mark; Askren, Mary et al. (2017) ERPs While Judging Meaningfulness of Sentences With and Without Homonym or Morpheme Spelling Foils: Comparing 4th to 9th Graders With and Without Spelling Disabilities. Dev Neuropsychol 42:284-297
Richards, Todd L; Abbott, Robert D; Yagle, Kevin et al. (2017) Self-government of complex reading and writing brains informed by cingulo-opercular network for adaptive control and working memory components for language learning. J Syst Integr Neurosci 3:
Richards, Todd L; Berninger, Virginia W; Yagle, Kevin J et al. (2017) Changes in DTI Diffusivity and fMRI Connectivity Cluster Coefficients for Students with and without Specific Learning Disabilities In Written Language: Brain's Response to Writing Instruction. J Nat Sci 3:

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