The objective of this career development award is to continue to develop the academic career of Dr. Chun-An Chen, first as a postdoctoral researcher at The Ohio State University Heart and Lung Research Institute, with additional postdoctoral training and transition to an independent investigator in the field of cardiovascular research specializing in NOS function and redox signaling. Increased oxygen free radical generation, which can reduce the bioavailability of nitric oxide, is believed to be the primary pathogenesis of ischemia/reperfusion injuries. In the endothelium, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) is the important enzyme that produces this critical molecule maintaining the cardiovascular function. Growing evidence suggests that increased oxidative stress alters the function of several enzymes through oxidative post-translational modifications, such as S-glutathionylation, nitration, or nitrosylation, all of which have been implicated in signal transduction. During the mentored phase, several questions will be addressed in Aim1 and Aim2:
Aim1 is to determine the detailed mechanism of eNOS S-glutathionylation and thiol oxidation, as it pertains to cardiovascular diseases.
Aim2 is to determine the role of Grx1 in the deglutathionylation process, redox regulation, and NOS function. The results gained from the mentored phase training will provide a bridge between mentored phase and independent phase. During the independent phase, Dr. Chen's research will focus on ex vivo mouse models regarding the effect of eNOS S-glutathionylation on vascular function, and the role of Grx1 on ischemia/reperfusion injury. Several mechanistic questions will be addressed with the following aims:
Aim3 is to study the effect of eNOS Cys mutants on vascular function and resistance to oxidative modification during vascular dysfunction.
Aim4 is to identify the role of Grx1 in ischemia/reperfusion injury, especially in the regulation of protein deglutathionylation and eNOS function, in mouse ex vivo heart models. By understanding the relationship between a redox regulatory enzyme (Grx) and NO production, this will provide a critical step toward understanding the mechanisms involved in the alteration of cardiovascular function during ischemia/reperfusion and oxidative stress. Successfully securing this K99/R00 award will foster Dr. Chun-An Chen's career research development and enable Dr. Chun-An Chen to become an independent investigator in the field of cardiovascular research.

Public Health Relevance

The objective of this proposed research is to understand the mechanism of reactive oxygen species contributing to coronary heart diseases. Coronary heart disease (CHD) remains the primary killer in the United States, and even though the mortality rate has declined, with the aging population and increased risk factors, the incidence of CHD will likely increase for the next decade. The ultimate goal of this proposed research is to develop new therapeutic strategies against these deadly diseases.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
Type
Research Transition Award (R00)
Project #
5R00HL103846-05
Application #
8531336
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (NSS)
Program Officer
Wong, Renee P
Project Start
2010-08-14
Project End
2015-05-31
Budget Start
2013-06-01
Budget End
2014-05-31
Support Year
5
Fiscal Year
2013
Total Cost
$232,126
Indirect Cost
$79,912
Name
Ohio State University
Department
Emergency Medicine
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
832127323
City
Columbus
State
OH
Country
United States
Zip Code
43210
Barajas-Espinosa, Alma; Basye, Ariel; Angelos, Mark G et al. (2015) Modulation of p38 kinase by DUSP4 is important in regulating cardiovascular function under oxidative stress. Free Radic Biol Med 89:170-81
De Pascali, Francesco; Hemann, Craig; Samons, Kindra et al. (2014) Hypoxia and reoxygenation induce endothelial nitric oxide synthase uncoupling in endothelial cells through tetrahydrobiopterin depletion and S-glutathionylation. Biochemistry 53:3679-88
Barajas-Espinosa, Alma; Basye, Ariel; Jesse, Erin et al. (2014) Redox activation of DUSP4 by N-acetylcysteine protects endothelial cells from Cd²?-induced apoptosis. Free Radic Biol Med 74:188-199
Chen, Chun-An; De Pascali, Francesco; Basye, Ariel et al. (2013) Redox modulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase by glutaredoxin-1 through reversible oxidative post-translational modification. Biochemistry 52:6712-23
Chen, Chun-An; Wang, Tse-Yao; Varadharaj, Saradhadevi et al. (2010) S-glutathionylation uncouples eNOS and regulates its cellular and vascular function. Nature 468:1115-8