The identification of the genes and pathways that regulate the life span in simple model organisms has been invaluable to the initial understanding of the mechanisms of aging in mammals. The systems biology and genetic studies proposed in this application will help define the role of various signal transduction genes and pathways in the regulation of aging and resistance to the damage caused by various stresses in the unicellular eukaryote S. cerevisiae. These pathways are centered around the Ras and Sch9 proteins, which are conserved from yeast to humans, and are implicated in cancer and other diseases. The proposed studies will: 1) shed light on the fundamental molecular mechanisms responsible for the effects of previously identified pro-aging genes including RAS2 and SCH9, 2) investigate novel molecules, genes, and pathways that affect aging and resistance to damage and that may be conserved from yeast to humans, 3) develop a novel paradigm to study aging, that is simpler and more directly relevant to aging in mammals, 4) investigate the anti-aging molecular mechanisms of calorie restriction which appear to be conserved from yeast to mammals. The proposed studies will contribute to the description of the fundamental mechanisms of aging and also to the identification of novel genes and pathways that can protect against human diseases. Public Health Relevance: Historically, simple model systems including baker's yeast, nematodes, and flies have yielded a remarkable number of discoveries that have provided the foundation for the understanding and treatment of human diseases. The studies proposed in this application are aimed at understanding how yeast genes that are analogous to the human genes Ras and Akt affect aging and the protection of cells against damage. The understanding of how these genes regulate aging in yeast and other simple systems will accelerate the identification of genes and pathways that can be modulated to protect against diseases in humans (Longo and Finch, 2003). For example, mutations that cause activation of Akt or Ras accelerate aging in yeast but are also found in a major portion of human cancers.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute on Aging (NIA)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01AG020642-07
Application #
7579760
Study Section
Cellular Mechanisms in Aging and Development Study Section (CMAD)
Program Officer
Mccormick, Anna M
Project Start
2002-04-01
Project End
2012-12-31
Budget Start
2009-04-01
Budget End
2009-12-31
Support Year
7
Fiscal Year
2009
Total Cost
$334,150
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Southern California
Department
Type
Organized Research Units
DUNS #
072933393
City
Los Angeles
State
CA
Country
United States
Zip Code
90089
Cheng, Chia-Wei; Villani, Valentina; Buono, Roberta et al. (2017) Fasting-Mimicking Diet Promotes Ngn3-Driven ?-Cell Regeneration to Reverse Diabetes. Cell 168:775-788.e12
Brandhorst, Sebastian; Harputlugil, Eylul; Mitchell, James R et al. (2017) Protective effects of short-term dietary restriction in surgical stress and chemotherapy. Ageing Res Rev 39:68-77
Lee, Amy S; Brandhorst, Sebastian; Rangel, Daisy F et al. (2017) Effects of Prolonged GRP78 Haploinsufficiency on Organ Homeostasis, Behavior, Cancer and Chemotoxic Resistance in Aged Mice. Sci Rep 7:40919
Longo, Valter D; Panda, Satchidananda (2016) Fasting, Circadian Rhythms, and Time-Restricted Feeding in Healthy Lifespan. Cell Metab 23:1048-1059
Mirzaei, Hamed; Raynes, Rachel; Longo, Valter D (2016) The conserved role of protein restriction in aging and disease. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 19:74-9
Di Biase, Stefano; Lee, Changhan; Brandhorst, Sebastian et al. (2016) Fasting-Mimicking Diet Reduces HO-1 to Promote T Cell-Mediated Tumor Cytotoxicity. Cancer Cell 30:136-146
Balasubramanian, Priya; Longo, Valter D (2016) Growth factors, aging and age-related diseases. Growth Horm IGF Res 28:66-8
Choi, In Young; Piccio, Laura; Childress, Patra et al. (2016) A Diet Mimicking Fasting Promotes Regeneration and Reduces Autoimmunity and Multiple Sclerosis Symptoms. Cell Rep 15:2136-2146
Block, Keith I; Gyllenhaal, Charlotte; Lowe, Leroy et al. (2015) Designing a broad-spectrum integrative approach for cancer prevention and treatment. Semin Cancer Biol 35 Suppl:S276-S304
Brandhorst, Sebastian; Choi, In Young; Wei, Min et al. (2015) A Periodic Diet that Mimics Fasting Promotes Multi-System Regeneration, Enhanced Cognitive Performance, and Healthspan. Cell Metab 22:86-99

Showing the most recent 10 out of 57 publications