Detailed knowledge of the structural and functional aspects of the molecules involved in the interaction, binding, and fusion of HIV-1 and the closely related SIV with their target cells is fundamental to our understanding of the disease processes in AIDS and to the rational design of diagnostic reagents, vaccines and other therapeutic agents. Two of the most important molecules in the infectious process, namely the envelope glycoproteins (Env) glycoproteins, SU (surface), and TM (transmembrane), are only partially characterized at the structural level with many of the important features are still poorly defined. These areas of uncertainty include the orientation of the variable loops, the structural changes that occur during the binding and fusion processes, and the features which foster or inhibit Ab-mediated neutralization. Another area of uncertainty involves the manner by which the Env proteins are expressed on the surface of virus particles. There is, for example, controversy regarding the number of Env spikes on the viral surface, their distribution and their stability. This proposal describes investigations aimed at applying new approaches for the determination of the 3-D morphology of the HIV-1 and SIV Env, gp120 and gp41, as expressed on the viral surface and in purified recombinant form. Our goals are to determine the numbers, locations, orientations, and structural details of Env molecules, both alone and in complex with monoclonal antibodies and ligands, on the surface of various forms of HIV-1 and SIV viral particles. In addition we will expand upon our previous epitope and reactive-site mapping studies of individual molecules and complexes by conducting 3-D structural analyses on 2-D crystals composed of purified monomeric and trimeric Env proteins and immune complexes. The primary methodologies will be the analysis of intact virions by negative stain and cryo-electron microscopic (EM) tomography and the analysis of purified recombinant Env and immune complexes by electron diffraction of 2-D crystalline arrays. ? ?

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01AI055461-02
Application #
6723793
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZRG1-AARR-1 (01))
Program Officer
Wassef, Nabila M
Project Start
2003-04-01
Project End
2006-03-31
Budget Start
2004-04-01
Budget End
2005-03-31
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
2004
Total Cost
$324,474
Indirect Cost
Name
Florida State University
Department
Biology
Type
Schools of Arts and Sciences
DUNS #
790877419
City
Tallahassee
State
FL
Country
United States
Zip Code
32306
Hu, Guiqing; Liu, Jun; Roux, Kenneth H et al. (2017) Structure of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Envelope Spikes Bound with CD4 and Monoclonal Antibody 36D5. J Virol 91:
Dutta, Moumita; Liu, Jun; Roux, Kenneth H et al. (2014) Visualization of retroviral envelope spikes in complex with the V3 loop antibody 447-52D on intact viruses by cryo-electron tomography. J Virol 88:12265-75
Rathinakumar, Ramesh; Dutta, Moumita; Zhu, Ping et al. (2012) Binding of anti-membrane-proximal gp41 monoclonal antibodies to CD4-liganded and -unliganded human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and simian immunodeficiency virus virions. J Virol 86:1820-31
Hu, Guiqing; Liu, Jun; Taylor, Kenneth A et al. (2011) Structural comparison of HIV-1 envelope spikes with and without the V1/V2 loop. J Virol 85:2741-50
Winkler, Hanspeter; Zhu, Ping; Liu, Jun et al. (2009) Tomographic subvolume alignment and subvolume classification applied to myosin V and SIV envelope spikes. J Struct Biol 165:64-77
Zhu, Ping; Winkler, Hanspeter; Chertova, Elena et al. (2008) Cryoelectron tomography of HIV-1 envelope spikes: further evidence for tripod-like legs. PLoS Pathog 4:e1000203
Selvarajah, Suganya; Puffer, Bridget A; Lee, Fang-Hua et al. (2008) Focused dampening of antibody response to the immunodominant variable loops by engineered soluble gp140. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 24:301-14
Crooks, Emma T; Moore, Penny L; Franti, Michael et al. (2007) A comparative immunogenicity study of HIV-1 virus-like particles bearing various forms of envelope proteins, particles bearing no envelope and soluble monomeric gp120. Virology 366:245-62
Moore, Penny L; Crooks, Emma T; Porter, Lauren et al. (2006) Nature of nonfunctional envelope proteins on the surface of human immunodeficiency virus type 1. J Virol 80:2515-28
Roux, K H; Zhu, Ping; Seavy, Margaret et al. (2004) Electron microscopic and immunochemical analysis of the broadly neutralizing HIV-1-specific, anti-carbohydrate antibody, 2G12. Mol Immunol 41:1001-11

Showing the most recent 10 out of 11 publications