Chemotherapy induces emesis in two phases, immediate and delayed. The immediate phase of vomiting induced by chemo- or radiotherapy can be treated with serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonists, however, there is currently no clinically available antiemetic or antiemetic combination therapy that is effective in all patients either for the immediate or the delayed phase. Moreover, although clinical trials indicate that addition of dexamethasone and/or substance P receptor antagonists improve the antiemetic activity of 5-HT3 antagonists in both acute and delayed emesis, these agents are not effective in all patients. (9- Tetrahydrocannabinol ((9-THC) and its synthetic analog, nabilone, are effective antiemetics against chemo- and radiotherapy, and patients who are protected during the immediate phase also respond well during the delayed phase. Recent animal studies have shown that xenobiotic cannabinoids of diverse structure and activity ((9-THC, CP 55, 940 and WIN 55, 212-2) have broadspectrum antiemetic efficacy via cannabinoid CB1 receptors. Indeed, (9-THC and its analogs prevent the acute phase of cisplatin-induced emesis at doses which do not significantly suppress spontaneous motor activity in the least shrew (Cryptotis parva). The goals of this proposal are to define the broadspectrum antiemetic nature of cannabinoids against both the immediate and delayed phases of emesis produced by chemo and radiotherapy as well as revealing by behavioral and biochemical means whether tolerance develop to the antiemetic capacity of xenobiotic cannabinoids.
The specific aims are: 1) Further characterization and mechanistic evaluation of broadspectrum antiemetic potential of xenobiotic cannabinoids ((9-THC, WIN 55, 212-2, CP 55, 940) in the least shrew against diverse emetic stimuli such as radiation, substance P and cisplatin-induced delayed emesis; 2) To show whether co-administration of (9-THC can potentiate the antivomiting efficacy of established antiemetics (serotonin 5-HT3-, dopamine D2- and neurokinin NK1-receptor antagonists and dexamethasone) against chemo- and radiotherapy-induced vomiting; 3) Determination of relative development of tolerance to antiemetic and motor suppressive effects of (9-THC by means of behavioral studies, radioligand binding and G-protein assays. The results will have important implications for the therapeutic utility of these """"""""agonist antiemetics"""""""". ? ?

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
9R01CA115331-04A2
Application #
6818748
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZRG1-ONC-F (02))
Program Officer
Fu, Yali
Project Start
1999-09-01
Project End
2005-03-31
Budget Start
2004-09-28
Budget End
2005-03-31
Support Year
4
Fiscal Year
2004
Total Cost
$76,033
Indirect Cost
Name
A.T. Still University of Health Sciences
Department
Pharmacology
Type
Schools of Osteopathy
DUNS #
006323315
City
Kirksville
State
MO
Country
United States
Zip Code
63501
Sharkey, Keith A; Darmani, Nissar A; Parker, Linda A (2014) Regulation of nausea and vomiting by cannabinoids and the endocannabinoid system. Eur J Pharmacol 722:134-46
Chebolu, Seetha; Wang, Yaozhi; Ray, Andrew P et al. (2010) Pranlukast prevents cysteinyl leukotriene-induced emesis in the least shrew (Cryptotis parva). Eur J Pharmacol 628:195-201
Darmani, Nissar A (2010) Mechanisms of Broad-Spectrum Antiemetic Efficacy of Cannabinoids against Chemotherapy-Induced Acute and Delayed Vomiting. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 3:2930-2955
Dey, Dilip; Abad, Joseph; Ray, Andrew P et al. (2010) Differential temporal changes in brain and gut substance P mRNA expression throughout the time-course of cisplatin-induced vomiting in the least shrew (Cryptotis parva). Brain Res 1310:103-12
Darmani, Nissar A (2010) Cannabinoid-Induced Hyperemesis: A Conundrum-From Clinical Recognition to Basic Science Mechanisms. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 3:2163-2177
Darmani, Nissar A; Crim, Jennifer L; Janoyan, Jano J et al. (2009) A re-evaluation of the neurotransmitter basis of chemotherapy-induced immediate and delayed vomiting: evidence from the least shrew. Brain Res 1248:40-58
Wang, Yaozhi; Ray, Andrew P; McClanahan, Bryan A et al. (2009) The antiemetic interaction of Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol when combined with tropisetron or dexamethasone in the least shrew. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 91:367-73
Ray, Andrew P; Chebolu, Seetha; Ramirez, Juan et al. (2009) Ablation of least shrew central neurokinin NK1 receptors reduces GR73632-induced vomiting. Behav Neurosci 123:701-6
Ray, Andrew P; Chebolu, Seetha; Darmani, Nissar A (2009) Receptor-selective agonists induce emesis and Fos expression in the brain and enteric nervous system of the least shrew (Cryptotis parva). Pharmacol Biochem Behav 94:211-8
Darmani, Nissar A; Ray, Andrew P (2009) Evidence for a re-evaluation of the neurochemical and anatomical bases of chemotherapy-induced vomiting. Chem Rev 109:3158-99

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