Ionizing irradiation-induced pulmonary damage limits effective radiation dose escalation in the treatment of lung and esophageal cancer. The C57BL/6J mouse model of irradiation-induced late organizing alveolitis/fibrosis closely follows the parameters of human pulmonary irradiation damage. We have demonstrated that bone marrow origin macrophages migrate to the mouse lung at the time of up regulation of endothelial cell VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 at 120-140 days after pulmonary irradiation, followed by TGF2-mediated migration and proliferation of bone marrow origin myofibroblast progenitor cells (bone marrow stromal cells/mesenchymal stem cells), which contribute to pulmonary fibrosis. Both migrations are significantly reduced by intrapulmonary manganese superoxide dismutase-plasmid liposome (MnSOD-PL) gene therapy. We now propose to elucidate the cellular and molecular mechanism(s) of initiation of the late pulmonary lesion and optimize its amelioration by MnSOD-PL. We will use female C57BL/6J mice and HSV-TK (Herpes Simplex Virus-Thymidine Kinase)-CCSP+ transgenic mice (which have gancyclovir sensitive Clara Cell Secretory Protein positive lung stem cells) and are chimeric for male GFP+ bone marrow. The first specific aim tests the hypothesis that inhalation MnSOD-PL gene therapy facilitates lung irradiation through enhancement of migration of marrow origin reparative alveolar and bronchial stem cell progenitors. The second specific aim tests the hypothesis that periodic repeat MnSOD-PL inhalation gene therapy decreases late pulmonary fibrosis through decreased migration of marrow origin myofibroblasts. The third specific aim tests the hypothesis that adding inhalation of mitochondrially targeted catalase plasmid liposomes to MnSOD-PL will enhance lung radiation protection. Methods include nebulizer-inhalation of mt-catalase-PL, and MnSOD-PL in pulmonary irradiated chimeric mice, continuous BUDR labeling by mini-osmotic pump, cell sorting, and histopathology. These studies should define critical steps in irradiation pulmonary fibrosis and identify new targets for therapeutic intervention, thereby decreasing patient side effects and facilitating dose escalation in the initial treatment or retreatment of recurrent thoracic cancers. Project Narrative This irradiation application addresses a critical problem in managing the side effects of thoracic radiotherapy for lung and esophagus cancer.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01CA119927-12
Application #
8270375
Study Section
Radiation Therapeutics and Biology Study Section (RTB)
Program Officer
Prasanna, Pat G
Project Start
2008-07-01
Project End
2013-05-31
Budget Start
2012-06-01
Budget End
2013-05-31
Support Year
12
Fiscal Year
2012
Total Cost
$282,705
Indirect Cost
$96,101
Name
University of Pittsburgh
Department
Radiation-Diagnostic/Oncology
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
004514360
City
Pittsburgh
State
PA
Country
United States
Zip Code
15213
Shinde, Ashwin; Epperly, Michael W; Cao, Shaonan et al. (2014) Improved hematopoiesis in GS-nitroxide (JP4-039)-treated mouse long-term bone marrow cultures and radioresistance of derived bone marrow stromal cell lines. In Vivo 28:699-708
Epperly, Michael W; Goff, Julie P; Franicola, Darcy et al. (2014) Esophageal radioprotection by swallowed JP4-039/F15 in thoracic-irradiated mice with transgenic lung tumors. In Vivo 28:435-40
Rhieu, Byung Han; Epperly, Michael W; Cao, Shaonan et al. (2014) Improved longevity of hematopoiesis in long-term bone marrow cultures and reduced irradiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis in Toll-like receptor-4 deletion recombinant-negative mice. In Vivo 28:441-8
Rhieu, Byung Han; Epperly, Michael W; Cao, Shaonan et al. (2014) Increased hematopoiesis in long-term bone marrow cultures and reduced irradiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis in Von Willebrand factor homologous deletion recombinant mice. In Vivo 28:449-56
Kalash, Ronny; Berhane, Hebist; Au, Jeremiah et al. (2014) Differences in irradiated lung gene transcription between fibrosis-prone C57BL/6NHsd and fibrosis-resistant C3H/HeNHsd mice. In Vivo 28:147-71
Epperly, Michael W; Chaillet, J Richard; Kalash, Ronny et al. (2013) Conditional radioresistance of Tet-inducible manganese superoxide dismutase bone marrow stromal cell lines. Radiat Res 180:189-204
Kalash, Ronny; Berhane, Hebist; Goff, Julie et al. (2013) Effects of thoracic irradiation on pulmonary endothelial compared to alveolar type-II cells in fibrosis-prone C57BL/6NTac mice. In Vivo 27:291-7
Kalash, Ronny; Epperly, Michael W; Goff, Julie et al. (2013) Amelioration of radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis by a water-soluble bifunctional sulfoxide radiation mitigator (MMS350). Radiat Res 180:474-90
Bernard, Mark E; Kim, Hyun; Rajagopalan, Malolan S et al. (2012) Repopulation of the irradiation damaged lung with bone marrow-derived cells. In Vivo 26:9-18
Atkinson, Jeffrey; Kapralov, Alexandr A; Yanamala, Naveena et al. (2011) A mitochondria-targeted inhibitor of cytochrome c peroxidase mitigates radiation-induced death. Nat Commun 2:497

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