Telomere maintenance, by telomerase and/or homologous recombination (HR), plays a key role in providing unlimited growth potential to cancer cells. We have shown that telomerase activity is markedly elevated and telomeres are shorter in Barrett's adenocarcinoma cells relative to normal cells, and inhibitors of telomerase cause suppression of cancer cell growth in vitro and in xenograft model of human BEAC in SCID mice. The mechanisms of telomere maintenance and their activation during carcinogenesis are not known. However we have found that HR activity and recombinase expression are markedly elevated and ALT associated PML bodies are highly expressed in BEAC cells, providing an evidence of HR based telomere elongation in BEAC. Moreover elevated HR causes genomic rearrangements and may also lead to activation of oncogenes, including the induction of telomerase. We have also shown that key HR proteins, including recombinase, physically interact with telomerase in BEAC cells and suppression of these proteins suppresses telomerase activity and induces apoptosis. These observations indicate that elevated HR in BEAC may be involved in both the telomerase regulation and telomerase-independent maintenance of telomeres. Concomitant suppression of both telomerase and HR may enhance telomere shortening and apoptosis in BEAC by acting at multiple levels.
The specific aims of this proposal are: 1) To study telomere function and expression of related genes in well defined human tissues in different histological stages of BEAC. Defined abnormal cells will be obtained using laser capture microscopy. 2) To determine the roles of HR in telomere function and cell survival in BEAC cultures by transgenic suppression or upregulation of HR genes. The influence of these manipulations on telomerase activity, telomere length, and cell survival will be determined. 3) To examine the therapeutic potential of telomerase and HR inhibitors alone and in combination on additional BEAC cell lines in vitro and in a xenograft model of human BEAC in SCID mice. Relevance to Public Health: In this proposal we will study the mechanisms by which esophageal cancer cells prevent shortening of their chromosomes ends and hence attain unlimited growth potential. We will also identify the agents which would re-activate shortening of chromosome ends in these cells and inhibit the growth of this cancer.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01CA125711-05
Application #
8300192
Study Section
Clinical and Integrative Gastrointestinal Pathobiology Study Section (CIGP)
Program Officer
Pelroy, Richard
Project Start
2008-09-24
Project End
2014-07-31
Budget Start
2012-08-01
Budget End
2014-07-31
Support Year
5
Fiscal Year
2012
Total Cost
$352,013
Indirect Cost
$150,835
Name
Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
Department
Type
DUNS #
076580745
City
Boston
State
MA
Country
United States
Zip Code
02215
Pal, Jagannath; Nanjappa, Purushothama; Kumar, Subodh et al. (2017) Impact of RAD51C-mediated Homologous Recombination on Genomic Integrity in Barrett's Adenocarcinoma Cells. J Gastroenterol Hepatol Res 6:2286-2295
Lu, R; Pal, J; Buon, L et al. (2014) Targeting homologous recombination and telomerase in Barrett's adenocarcinoma: impact on telomere maintenance, genomic instability and tumor growth. Oncogene 33:1495-505
Rashid, Naim U; Sperling, Adam S; Bolli, Niccolo et al. (2014) Differential and limited expression of mutant alleles in multiple myeloma. Blood 124:3110-7
Bolli, Niccolo; Avet-Loiseau, Hervé; Wedge, David C et al. (2014) Heterogeneity of genomic evolution and mutational profiles in multiple myeloma. Nat Commun 5:2997
Pal, Jagannath; Gold, Jason S; Munshi, Nikhil C et al. (2013) Biology of telomeres: importance in etiology of esophageal cancer and as therapeutic target. Transl Res 162:364-70
Pal, Jagannath; Fulciniti, Mariateresa; Nanjappa, Puru et al. (2012) Targeting PI3K and RAD51 in Barrett's adenocarcinoma: impact on DNA damage checkpoints, expression profile and tumor growth. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 9:55-66
Shammas, Masood A (2011) Telomeres, lifestyle, cancer, and aging. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 14:28-34
Pal, J; Bertheau, R; Buon, L et al. (2011) Genomic evolution in Barrett's adenocarcinoma cells: critical roles of elevated hsRAD51, homologous recombination and Alu sequences in the genome. Oncogene 30:3585-98
Qazi, Aamer; Pal, Jagannath; Maitah, Ma'in et al. (2010) Anticancer activity of a broccoli derivative, sulforaphane, in barrett adenocarcinoma: potential use in chemoprevention and as adjuvant in chemotherapy. Transl Oncol 3:389-99
Bryant, Christopher S; Kumar, Sanjeev; Chamala, Sreedhar et al. (2010) Sulforaphane induces cell cycle arrest by protecting RB-E2F-1 complex in epithelial ovarian cancer cells. Mol Cancer 9:47

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