Integrins hold promise as therapeutic targets to inhibit malignant progression and metastasis. However, barriers remain that must be overcome before integrins can be fully exploited as clinical targets. The work proposed in this application will address some of these barriers in the context of investigating novel mechanisms whereby the laminin-binding integrin, ?3?1, regulates tumor cell function and the expression of cancer-associated genes. Published studies from our group and others have established clear roles for ?3?1 on breast cancer cells and other tumor cells in a number of functions that promote tumor growth, progression, and metastasis. Our recent work using RNAi-mediated suppression of ?3?1 in human breast cancer cells has identified ?3?1-dependent expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2/PTGS2) as a major pro-tumorigenic function of ?3?1 function. Indeed, we recently validated correlated expression of ?3 and COX-2 in human clinical samples of invasive ductal carcinoma. We have now determined through exon microarray analysis and follow-up PCR-based studies that ?3?1 regulates alternative exon usage (AEU) of a variety of genes, including alternative splicing of the COX-2 mRNA. Further studies revealed that ?3?1-deficient cells generate a COX-2 mRNA splice variant that retains an intron harboring premature termination codons (PTCs), which targets the mRNA for nonsense-mediated decay (NMD). These findings are significant, as post-transcriptional mRNA processing and stability are emerging as major modes of gene regulation in cancer, yet little is known about how microenvironmental signals are transduced into tumor cells to control mRNA processing or target mRNAs for degradation. In the current work, we will test the hypotheses that suppression of ?3?1 in breast cancer cells reduces COX-2 mRNA stability through synergistic mechanisms of (1) mRNA splicing/intron retention that targets the transcript for NMD, and (2) enhancement of the NMD pathway. We will also test importance of ?3?1 binding to laminins or the tetraspanin protein CD151 in the maintenance of normal COX-2 mRNA splicing and NMD suppression. This work will be completed using state-of-the-art minigene splice reporters and high- throughput cDNA and RNAi screens to identify ?3?1-dependent trans-regulators of COX-2 mRNA spicing, combined with cell culture and xenograft models that we have established to investigate ?3?1 functions in tumor progression and metastasis. Results from these experiments should identify novel mechanisms of ?3?1-dependent COX-2 mRNA splicing and NMD suppression, and determine ?3?1 binding functions that control this regulation, thereby revealing ?3?1-dependent vulnerabilities of breast cancer cells that can be exploited as therapeutic targets.

Public Health Relevance

The key to exploiting integrin adhesion receptors as therapeutic targets to inhibit cancer is the identification of the molecular mechanisms whereby they regulate tumor cell functions and gene expression programs that drive malignant progression and metastasis. The goal of the proposed work is to identify novel molecular pathways by which integrins regulate cancer genes, and to determine how to target those pathways.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01CA129637-07
Application #
9194386
Study Section
Tumor Progression and Metastasis Study Section (TPM)
Program Officer
Ault, Grace S
Project Start
2008-09-26
Project End
2020-11-30
Budget Start
2016-12-01
Budget End
2017-11-30
Support Year
7
Fiscal Year
2017
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Albany Medical College
Department
Anatomy/Cell Biology
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
190592162
City
Albany
State
NY
Country
United States
Zip Code
12208
Longmate, Whitney; DiPersio, C Michael (2017) Beyond adhesion: emerging roles for integrins in control of the tumor microenvironment. F1000Res 6:1612
Longmate, Whitney M; Lyons, Scott P; Chittur, Sridar V et al. (2017) Suppression of integrin ?3?1 by ?9?1 in the epidermis controls the paracrine resolution of wound angiogenesis. J Cell Biol 216:1473-1488
DiPersio, C Michael; Zheng, Rui; Kenney, James et al. (2016) Integrin-mediated regulation of epidermal wound functions. Cell Tissue Res 365:467-82
Missan, Dara S; Mitchell, Kara; Subbaram, Sita et al. (2015) Integrin ?3?1 signaling through MEK/ERK determines alternative polyadenylation of the MMP-9 mRNA transcript in immortalized mouse keratinocytes. PLoS One 10:e0119539
Aggarwal, Anshu; Al-Rohil, Rami N; Batra, Anupam et al. (2014) Expression of integrin ?3?1 and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) are positively correlated in human breast cancer. BMC Cancer 14:459
Missan, Dara S; Chittur, Sridar V; DiPersio, C Michael (2014) Regulation of fibulin-2 gene expression by integrin ?3?1 contributes to the invasive phenotype of transformed keratinocytes. J Invest Dermatol 134:2418-2427
Subbaram, Sita; Lyons, Scott P; Svenson, Kimberly B et al. (2014) Integrin ?3?1 controls mRNA splicing that determines Cox-2 mRNA stability in breast cancer cells. J Cell Sci 127:1179-89
Longmate, Whitney M; Monichan, Ruby; Chu, Mon-Li et al. (2014) Reduced fibulin-2 contributes to loss of basement membrane integrity and skin blistering in mice lacking integrin ?3?1 in the epidermis. J Invest Dermatol 134:1609-1617
Subbaram, Sita; Dipersio, C Michael (2011) Integrin ?3?1 as a breast cancer target. Expert Opin Ther Targets 15:1197-210
Wang, X; Lu, H; Urvalek, A M et al. (2011) KLF8 promotes human breast cancer cell invasion and metastasis by transcriptional activation of MMP9. Oncogene 30:1901-11

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