Research in our laboratory focuses on understanding the role of N-Myc interactor (Nmi) in cancer biology [1]. Our interest in this molecule was triggered when we saw that its expression was diminished in aggressive breast cancer cell lines. Interestingly though, Nmi expression could be induced in these cells using interferon-? (IFN-?) [1]. We found that the induced mRNA had a wild type sequence, implying that the induced Nmi protein was capable of its normal biological activities. To test its functional role, we constitutively expressed Nmi in the human breast cancer cell line, MDA-MB- 231. Functional studies of the expressors showed that Nmi reduced the ability of tumor cells to invade and grow under anchorage independent conditions. Xenograft studies in nude mice showed that Nmi expressors had reduced tumor growth in vivo [1]. Further analysis of these expressors revealed that Dickkopf-1 (Dkk1), a soluble inhibitor of the Wnt/?- catenin signaling pathway, was significantly upregulated in the Nmi expressing clones concurrent with reduced levels of the critical transcription co-factor of Wnt pathway, ?-catenin. Dkk1 has been reported to suppress primary tumor growth rates in several studies involving breast cancer [2, 3] and is a factor implicated in the anti-tumor effects elicited by IFN-? [4]. Wnt/?-catenin signaling is important in development as well as cell proliferation. While previously shown to be a critical player in colon cancer progression, the role of Wnt/?-catenin signaling in breast cancer is not clearly defined [5]. The overall objective of this proposed work is to understand the regulation of Wnt/?-catenin signaling by Nmi and to determine the role of this pathway in suppression of breast tumor growth. HYPOTHESIS Inhibition of the Wnt/?-catenin signaling pathway by upregulation of Dkk1 is critical to the role of Nmi in reducing tumor growth.
Aim 1 : To test the hypothesis that knockdown of Nmi expression will activate the Wnt/?-catenin signaling.
Aim 2 : To determine the mechanism of regulation of Dkk1 and ?-catenin by Nmi.
Aim 3 : To evaluate the role of Dkk1 in mediating the retardation of tumor growth by Nmi.
Aim 4 : To determine correlation between loss of Nmi expression and activated Wnt/?-catenin signaling in patient derived breast cancer specimens.

Public Health Relevance

Our preliminary data demonstrates a functional role of Nmi in retarding breast tumor growth. This proposal takes the research to a next essential step in establishing the translational potential of Nmi and the downstream events that it regulates. The focus of this research is the Wnt/?- catenin pathway. Nmi up-regulates Dkk1, a secreted inhibitor of Wnt pathway, leading us to propose that Nmi down regulates Wnt/?-catenin signaling, resulting in reduced malignant activity of breast cancer.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
7R01CA140472-04
Application #
8433522
Study Section
Tumor Cell Biology Study Section (TCB)
Program Officer
Woodhouse, Elizabeth
Project Start
2010-03-04
Project End
2014-12-31
Budget Start
2013-01-01
Budget End
2013-12-31
Support Year
4
Fiscal Year
2013
Total Cost
$249,672
Indirect Cost
$79,393
Name
University of Alabama Birmingham
Department
Pathology
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
063690705
City
Birmingham
State
AL
Country
United States
Zip Code
35294
Pruitt, Hawley C; Metge, Brandon J; Weeks, Shannon E et al. (2018) Conditional knockout of N-Myc and STAT interactor disrupts normal mammary development and enhances metastatic ability of mammary tumors. Oncogene 37:1610-1623
Goliwas, Kayla F; Richter, Jillian R; Pruitt, Hawley C et al. (2017) Methods to Evaluate Cell Growth, Viability, and Response to Treatment in a Tissue Engineered Breast Cancer Model. Sci Rep 7:14167
Morrow, K Adam; Das, Shamik; Meng, Erhong et al. (2016) Loss of tumor suppressor Merlin results in aberrant activation of Wnt/?-catenin signaling in cancer. Oncotarget 7:17991-8005
Meng, Erhong; Hanna, Ann; Samant, Rajeev S et al. (2015) The Impact of Hedgehog Signaling Pathway on DNA Repair Mechanisms in Human Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 7:1333-48
Metge, Brandon J; Mitra, Aparna; Chen, Dongquan et al. (2015) N-Myc and STAT Interactor regulates autophagy and chemosensitivity in breast cancer cells. Sci Rep 5:11995
Samant, Rajeev S; Shevde, Lalita A (2014) NMI and EMT. Oncoscience 1:476-7
Shevde, Lalita A; Samant, Rajeev S (2014) Role of osteopontin in the pathophysiology of cancer. Matrix Biol 37:131-41
Rostas 3rd, Jack W; Pruitt, Hawley C; Metge, Brandon J et al. (2014) microRNA-29 negatively regulates EMT regulator N-myc interactor in breast cancer. Mol Cancer 13:200
Shevde, Lalita A; Samant, Rajeev S (2014) Nonclassical hedgehog-GLI signaling and its clinical implications. Int J Cancer 135:1-6
Arend, Rebecca C; LondoƱo-Joshi, Angelina I; Samant, Rajeev S et al. (2014) Inhibition of Wnt/?-catenin pathway by niclosamide: a therapeutic target for ovarian cancer. Gynecol Oncol 134:112-20

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