Matrix remodeling and stromal-epithelial cellular communication contribute to aggressive progression of prostate cancer. Hyaluronan (HA), is a glycosaminoglycan polymer synthesized and turned over when appropriate for cell proliferation and motility. Normally, its levels are tightly controlled by HA synthase enzymes (HAS), hyaluronidases, and specific HA receptors such as the HA receptor for endocytosis (HARE). HA is negligible in normal adult prostate, but abundant in prostate tumors and bone metastases. Quantification of tumor cell associated HA and its turnover enzyme, Hyal1, predicts invasive progression and biochemical recurrence after resection. This proposal is focused on determining how the HA synthesis and turnover enzymes work together to influence matrix morphology and cell communication. The hypothesis is that surface HA borne by tumor cells increases metastatic efficiency by facilitating arrest in HARE-expressing vasculature and/or entry of the tumor cells into lymph and marrow tissue. In addition, excess tumor-borne HA may accelerate tumor cell endocytosis and/or endocytic recycling if Hyal1 is present, activating lymphatic remodeling. Rate of endocytic recycling determines the surface density of growth factor and adhesion receptors and thereby impacts tumor cell motility and metastatic survival.
In aim 1, tumor cells selected for inducible HA synthesis or HA turnover will be used to test respective roles of these enzymes in clinically relevant mouse models of prostatic growth and bone metastasis. Pharmacological agents and in vivo knockdown will be used to examine how HARE functions in host target tissues to regulate prostate tumor cell colonization. These strategies will also determine how HA signaling and turnover may be therapeutically targeted to delay or prevent prostate cancer progression.
Aim 2 will examine metastasis mechanisms by comparing the effects of tumor versus stromal components of HA metabolism and HA signaling on lymphatic vessel morphology, as well as lymph node and bone metastasis. The molecular format for delivery and propagation of the HA signals that trigger morphological changes to support metastasis will be characterized.
Aim 3 will pursue the novel observation that elevated Hyal1, which is both a secreted and a lysosomal enzyme, increases the rate of endocytic recycling in the prostate tumor cells stably selected for its expression. The working hypothesis is that Hyal1 impacts several specific signaling pathways concurrently by modulating the rate of vesicular trafficking, thus contributing to tumor growth by maintaining surface presentation of important receptors and by re-externalizing biologically potent digestion products of HA that serve as signals. Its autocrine effects, as well as its impact on prostate stromal cells, will be tested.

Public Health Relevance

Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer among men in the United States. Though diagnosis and treatment have improved, progression and metastasis of the disease still yield the second highest rate of cancer death in men. The research in this proposal will lead to a more thorough understanding of mechanisms exploited by prostate tumor cells to promote invasive tumor growth and colonization of bone tissue, and test the therapeutic potential of targeting the enzymes and receptors involved in hyaluronan turnover and signaling. Successful outcome of these studies will inform optimization and use of matrix-directed therapeutic strategies.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
3R01CA165574-04S1
Application #
9081855
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZRG1-OBT-Z (02))
Program Officer
Ogunbiyi, Peter
Project Start
2015-07-01
Project End
2017-06-30
Budget Start
2015-07-01
Budget End
2016-06-30
Support Year
4
Fiscal Year
2015
Total Cost
$50,641
Indirect Cost
$12,887
Name
University of Nebraska Lincoln
Department
Biochemistry
Type
Schools of Earth Sciences/Natur
DUNS #
555456995
City
Lincoln
State
NE
Country
United States
Zip Code
68583
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Grady, George; Thelen, Ashley; Albers, Jaleen et al. (2016) Inhibiting Hexamer Disassembly of Human UDP-Glucose Dehydrogenase by Photoactivated Amino Acid Cross-Linking. Biochemistry 55:3157-64
McAtee, Caitlin O; Berkebile, Abigail R; Elowsky, Christian G et al. (2015) Hyaluronidase Hyal1 Increases Tumor Cell Proliferation and Motility through Accelerated Vesicle Trafficking. J Biol Chem 290:13144-56
Simpson, Melanie A; Heldin, Paraskevi (2014) Hyaluronan signaling and turnover. Preface. Adv Cancer Res 123:xv-xvi
McAtee, Caitlin O; Barycki, Joseph J; Simpson, Melanie A (2014) Emerging roles for hyaluronidase in cancer metastasis and therapy. Adv Cancer Res 123:1-34
Liu, Yilin; Hyde, Annastasia S; Simpson, Melanie A et al. (2014) Emerging regulatory paradigms in glutathione metabolism. Adv Cancer Res 122:69-101
Kovar, Joy L; Cheung, Lael L; Simpson, Melanie A et al. (2014) Pharmacokinetic and Biodistribution Assessment of a Near Infrared-Labeled PSMA-Specific Small Molecule in Tumor-Bearing Mice. Prostate Cancer 2014:104248
Hyde, Annastasia S; Thelen, Ashley M; Barycki, Joseph J et al. (2013) UDP-glucose dehydrogenase activity and optimal downstream cellular function require dynamic reorganization at the dimer-dimer subunit interfaces. J Biol Chem 288:35049-57
Simpson, Melanie A; Weigel, Janet A; Weigel, Paul H (2012) Systemic blockade of the hyaluronan receptor for endocytosis prevents lymph node metastasis of prostate cancer. Int J Cancer 131:E836-40

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