The 2009 passage of the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act (FSPTCA) gave the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) the authority to reduce levels of nicotine in cigarettes if appropriate for public health. This project addresses an area targeted for study by NIH and the FDA to assess the impact of products with reduced toxicity on tobacco use behaviors. Very-low nicotine content cigarettes (VLNCC) have been shown in some studies with smokers from the general population to reduce craving and withdrawal for tobacco relative to abstinence with little or no compensatory smoking, suggesting that a mandated reduction in the nicotine yield of cigarettes could substantially reduce smoking rates. This may be a particularly effective method of reducing smoking and smoking-related disease in special populations that have very high rates of tobacco dependence, such as people with substance use disorders (SUD). However, the consequences of this policy for smokers with SUD have not been investigated, and a call has gone out for studies of the safety of these products with vulnerable populations such as these. The purpose of this study is to determine the efficacy, acceptability and unintended consequences of VLNCC in smokers with SUD (current or past year). The primary aims are to determine whether VLNCC will increase smoking cessation and reduce cigarette use, cotinine, and biomarkers of toxicity in smokers with SUD relative to baseline and to those randomized to a normal nicotine content cigarette (NNCC), and to determine any unintended effects of VLNCC on substance use and cravings to use substances so as to investigate safety. Secondary aims are to study effects on cigarette craving and nicotine withdrawal and dependence (mechanisms), and state depression (safety). A 2-group between-group by pre-post design will compare 6 weeks of VLNCC to NNCC;all smokers will also be provided with smoking counseling. Follow-up over 6 months will assess effects after return to usual cigarettes. The importance is in determining the viability and safety of this publi health strategy in terms of effects on both smoking and other substance use in a highly addicted population, which is essential to determine before the FDA implements this policy.

Public Health Relevance

The Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act (FSPTCA) gave the Food and Drug Administration the authority to reduce levels of nicotine in cigarettes. However, the consequences of this policy for smokers with substance use disorders have not been investigated although they are vulnerable to unintended consequences of such products. The purpose of this study is to determine the efficacy, acceptability and unintended consequences of very low nicotine cigarettes in smokers with substance use disorders.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01DA034628-02
Application #
8730108
Study Section
Risk, Prevention and Intervention for Addictions Study Section (RPIA)
Program Officer
Kautz, Mary A
Project Start
2013-09-15
Project End
2018-05-31
Budget Start
2014-06-01
Budget End
2015-05-31
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
2014
Total Cost
$635,206
Indirect Cost
$244,310
Name
Brown University
Department
Public Health & Prev Medicine
Type
Schools of Public Health
DUNS #
001785542
City
Providence
State
RI
Country
United States
Zip Code
02912
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Sulkowski, Mark; Pol, Stanislas; Mallolas, Josep et al. (2013) Boceprevir versus placebo with pegylated interferon alfa-2b and ribavirin for treatment of hepatitis C virus genotype 1 in patients with HIV: a randomised, double-blind, controlled phase 2 trial. Lancet Infect Dis 13:597-605