Two of the most common complaints of individuals with hearing impairment or cochlear implants are that they are unable to """"""""hear out"""""""" voices in the background of other sounds, and are unable to enjoy music. In most cases these listening difficulties, which lead to significant communication challenges in everyday life, are not remedied satisfactorily by current auditory prostheses. Part of the reason for this situation is tht our current understanding of the origin of these perceptual difficulties is not sufficiently advanced to guide the development of sound-processing algorithms that can effectively alleviate them. The long-term goal of this project is to improve our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the perception of pitch of single and concurrent sounds in the normal and impaired auditory system. Pitch is a primary auditory percept that plays a crucial role in the perception of music and speech. Differences in pitch are currently thought to provide an important cue for the perceptual separation and tracking of concurrent voices. Individuals with cochlear hearing loss generally have a reduced ability to discriminate the pitch of complex sounds, especially in situations where more than one sound is present. This study will test the hypothesis that this perceptual deficit is related to poorer cochlear frequency selectivity resulting from cochlear damage. In addition, we will test current hypotheses concerning the relative importance of frequency selectivity and spectral (also known as """"""""place"""""""" or """"""""tonotopic"""""""") mechanisms, versus temporal-coding mechanisms for pitch and speech perception in both normal and impaired hearing. The proposal is divided into three specific aims.
The first aim combines behavioral (psychoacoustic) measures, computational studies using physiologically realistic models of peripheral auditory processes, mathematical optimal-observer models of central auditory processes, and advanced Bayesian data-analysis techniques, to provide rigorous tests of current pitch-perception theories and new insights into underlying mechanisms of auditory perception in normal-hearing and hearing-impaired listeners.
The second aim i nvestigates the ability of normal-hearing, hearing-impaired, and cochlear-implant listeners to discriminate the pitch of complex sounds presented concurrently with a competing sound, thus simulating under well- controlled laboratory conditions everyday-life situations in which hearing-impaired listeners often experience considerable difficulties.
The third aim further addresses the relative importance of spectral and temporal (including fine-structure and envelope) information for speech perception under realistic listening conditions, including in quiet and in the presence of a competing voice, with and without reverberation, and with frequency shaping to simulate hearing-aid processing. The results will have important implications for our understanding of pitch processing, and should also be useful in the development and assessment of novel cochlear-implant processing schemes that attempt to enhance the perceptual segregation of concurrent sounds.

Public Health Relevance

This project investigates pitch perception in people with normal hearing, impaired hearing and cochlear implants. Pitch is a primary auditory percept that plays a crucial role in music perception, in speech perception, and in enabling us to hear out one voice in the presence of other competing sounds. This project will increase our understanding of how pitch is processed in the auditory system, and how this processing is altered by hearing loss and cochlear implants. This improved understanding should lead to better hearing aids and cochlear implants, which will help people with hearing disabilities communicate more effectively.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01DC005216-14
Application #
8605046
Study Section
Auditory System Study Section (AUD)
Program Officer
Donahue, Amy
Project Start
2002-02-15
Project End
2017-01-31
Budget Start
2014-02-01
Budget End
2015-01-31
Support Year
14
Fiscal Year
2014
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Minnesota Twin Cities
Department
Psychology
Type
Schools of Arts and Sciences
DUNS #
City
Minneapolis
State
MN
Country
United States
Zip Code
55455
Whiteford, Kelly L; Oxenham, Andrew J (2018) Learning for pitch and melody discrimination in congenital amusia. Cortex 103:164-178
Allen, Emily J; Moerel, Michelle; Lage-Castellanos, Agustín et al. (2018) Encoding of natural timbre dimensions in human auditory cortex. Neuroimage 166:60-70
Oxenham, Andrew J (2018) How We Hear: The Perception and Neural Coding of Sound. Annu Rev Psychol 69:27-50
Mehta, Anahita H; Oxenham, Andrew J (2018) Fundamental-frequency discrimination based on temporal-envelope cues: Effects of bandwidth and interference. J Acoust Soc Am 144:EL423
Whiteford, Kelly L; Kreft, Heather A; Oxenham, Andrew J (2017) Assessing the Role of Place and Timing Cues in Coding Frequency and Amplitude Modulation as a Function of Age. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol 18:619-633
Madsen, Sara M K; Whiteford, Kelly L; Oxenham, Andrew J (2017) Musicians do not benefit from differences in fundamental frequency when listening to speech in competing speech backgrounds. Sci Rep 7:12624
Whiteford, Kelly L; Oxenham, Andrew J (2017) Auditory deficits in amusia extend beyond poor pitch perception. Neuropsychologia 99:213-224
Mehta, Anahita H; Jacoby, Nori; Yasin, Ifat et al. (2017) An auditory illusion reveals the role of streaming in the temporal misallocation of perceptual objects. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 372:
Wojtczak, Magdalena; Mehta, Anahita H; Oxenham, Andrew J (2017) Rhythm judgments reveal a frequency asymmetry in the perception and neural coding of sound synchrony. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 114:1201-1206
Graves, Jackson E; Oxenham, Andrew J (2017) Familiar Tonal Context Improves Accuracy of Pitch Interval Perception. Front Psychol 8:1753

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