Moraxella catarrhalis is an important cause of otitis media in children, and lower respiratory tract infections (exacerbations) in adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The widespread use of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines in children since 2000 has caused an increased prevalence of colonization and infection by M. catarrhalis. Work on M. catarrhalis has lagged behind because the organism was previously regarded as a commensal. Given its growing importance, there is an urgent need for M. catarrhalis vaccines. Indeed, only a handful of laboratories in world study the organism. M. catarrhalis causes infection by inhabiting environmental niches contiguous with the upper respiratory tract, including the middle ear space (otitis media) and the airways in adults with COPD. The maintenance of fitness in different host milieus is of central importance in the pathogenesis of M. catarrhalis infections. We identified oligopeptide permease A (OppA), a solute binding protein of an ABC transporter system, as a promising vaccine antigen and also as a potential virulence factor. M. catarrhalis has a strict growth requirement for arginine. We showed that OppA transports arginine-containing peptides. An OppA knockout mutant is cleared more quickly from the respiratory tract than wild type in a murine model, indicating that OppA facilitates persistence of M. catarrhalis in the respiratory tract.
In Aim 1, we will investigate OppA and related transporter as virulence factors. We showed that OppA expresses epitopes on the bacterial surface, a surprising observation for a predicted soluble periplasmic protein.
In Aim 2 we will elucidate the molecular structure of OppA and related transporters in the bacterial cell wall to identify potentially protective epitopes and peptide binding regions.
Aim 3 will translate these observations to the development of vaccines to prevent M. catarrhalis infection. Vaccine candidates will be evaluated using several complementary model systems. Thus the present proposal will advance the field by: * identifying new virulence mechanisms for an understudied pathogen * elucidating structure of a vaccine antigen on which we have novel observations that challenge current thinking about cell wall structure of solute binding proteins of ABC transporter * identifying and characterizing new vaccine antigens While knowledge of the biology of otitis media and bacterial infection in COPD is advancing, it has been decades since the development of truly new prevention modalities for infection in these clinical settings. The present proposal has the potential to make fundamental advances in prevention of otitis media and exacerbations of COPD through identification and characterization of novel vaccine antigens. There is a renewed enthusiasm for vaccines for otitis media given recent promising clinical trials, creating a momentum of feasibility for this approach.

Public Health Relevance

Moraxella catarrhalis causes otitis media in children and lower respiratory tract infections in adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. This proposal will use state-of-the-art methods to identify and study molecules that enable the bacterium to cause these infections. Importantly, these observations will be translated into novel vaccines to prevent otitis media in children and airway infections in adults with chronic lung disease.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
3R01DC012200-03S1
Application #
8865744
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZRG1)
Program Officer
Watson, Bracie
Project Start
2012-07-01
Project End
2017-06-30
Budget Start
2014-07-01
Budget End
2015-06-30
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
2014
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
State University of New York at Buffalo
Department
Internal Medicine/Medicine
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
City
Buffalo
State
NY
Country
United States
Zip Code
14260
Blakeway, Luke V; Tan, Aimee; Lappan, Rachael et al. (2018) Moraxella catarrhalis Restriction-Modification Systems Are Associated with Phylogenetic Lineage and Disease. Genome Biol Evol 10:2932-2946
Perez, Antonia C; Johnson, Antoinette; Chen, Ziqiang et al. (2018) Mapping Protective Regions on a Three-Dimensional Model of the Moraxella catarrhalis Vaccine Antigen Oligopeptide Permease A. Infect Immun 86:
Ren, Dabin; Almudevar, Anthony L; Murphy, Timothy F et al. (2017) Serum antibody response to Moraxella catarrhalis proteins in stringently defined otitis prone children. Vaccine :
Perez, Antonia C; Murphy, Timothy F (2017) Potential impact of a Moraxella catarrhalis vaccine in COPD. Vaccine :
Murphy, Timothy F; Brauer, Aimee L; Johnson, Antoinette et al. (2017) A Cation-binding Surface Protein as a Vaccine Antigen to Prevent Moraxella catarrhalis Otitis Media and Infections in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Clin Vaccine Immunol :
Pettigrew, Melinda M; Alderson, Mark R; Bakaletz, Lauren O et al. (2017) Panel 6: Vaccines. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 156:S76-S87
Perez, Antonia C; Murphy, Timothy F (2017) A Moraxella catarrhalis vaccine to protect against otitis media and exacerbations of COPD: An update on current progress and challenges. Hum Vaccin Immunother 13:2322-2331
Murphy, Timothy F; Brauer, Aimee L; Johnson, Antoinette et al. (2016) ATP-Binding Cassette (ABC) Transporters of the Human Respiratory Tract Pathogen, Moraxella catarrhalis: Role in Virulence. PLoS One 11:e0158689
Otsuka, Taketo; Kirkham, Charmaine; Brauer, Aimee et al. (2016) The Vaccine Candidate Substrate Binding Protein SBP2 Plays a Key Role in Arginine Uptake, Which Is Required for Growth of Moraxella catarrhalis. Infect Immun 84:432-8
Jones, Megan M; Murphy, Timothy F (2015) Expression of the Oligopeptide Permease Operon of Moraxella catarrhalis Is Regulated by Temperature and Nutrient Availability. Infect Immun 83:3497-505

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