A retinal biophysicist proposes to continue investigations of signal processing by retinal cells in amphibia and fish. The proposed investigations are framed in terms of a theory of processing in which response properties of various cells have been optimized by evolution for transmitting the information contained in the retinal images of real visual scenes in the organisms world, subject to the sampling and noise limitations imposed by photoreceptors; the noise includes specifically the dark """"""""shot"""""""" and """"""""continuous"""""""" noise of rods. The theory is presented as generating seven specific testable hypothesis, and experimental tests of these hypothesis are proposed. In essence, the theory views the retina as a maximum fidelity, minimum loss set of linear filters, whose output is quantized in a optimal way by the ganglion cells.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Eye Institute (NEI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01EY003785-19
Application #
6178467
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZRG1-VISB (01))
Program Officer
Dudley, Peter A
Project Start
1980-10-01
Project End
2004-07-31
Budget Start
2000-08-01
Budget End
2004-07-31
Support Year
19
Fiscal Year
2000
Total Cost
$222,528
Indirect Cost
Name
University of California Berkeley
Department
Biochemistry
Type
Schools of Arts and Sciences
DUNS #
094878337
City
Berkeley
State
CA
Country
United States
Zip Code
94704
Hare, W A; Owen, W G (1998) Effects of bicarbonate versus HEPES buffering on measured properties of neurons in the salamander retina. Vis Neurosci 15:263-71
Krizaj, D; Gabriel, R; Owen, W G et al. (1998) Dopamine D2 receptor-mediated modulation of rod-cone coupling in the Xenopus retina. J Comp Neurol 398:529-38
Vu, T Q; McCarthy, S T; Owen, W G (1997) Linear transduction of natural stimuli by dark-adapted and light-adapted rods of the salamander, Ambystoma tigrinum. J Physiol 505 ( Pt 1):193-204
Younger, J P; McCarthy, S T; Owen, W G (1996) Light-dependent control of calcium in intact rods of the bullfrog Rana catesbeiana. J Neurophysiol 75:354-66
McCarthy, S T; Younger, J P; Owen, W G (1996) Dynamic, spatially nonuniform calcium regulation in frog rods exposed to light. J Neurophysiol 76:1991-2004
Hare, W A; Owen, W G (1996) Receptive field of the retinal bipolar cell: a pharmacological study in the tiger salamander. J Neurophysiol 76:2005-19
Hare, W A; Owen, W G (1995) Similar effects of carbachol and dopamine on neurons in the distal retina of the tiger salamander. Vis Neurosci 12:443-55
McCarthy, S T; Younger, J P; Owen, W G (1994) Free calcium concentrations in bullfrog rods determined in the presence of multiple forms of Fura-2. Biophys J 67:2076-89
Hare, W A; Owen, W G (1992) Effects of 2-amino-4-phosphonobutyric acid on cells in the distal layers of the tiger salamander's retina. J Physiol 445:741-57
Bialek, W; Owen, W G (1990) Temporal filtering in retinal bipolar cells. Elements of an optimal computation? Biophys J 58:1227-33

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