Vision in complex environments requires the ability to integrate local measurements of orientation and motion over large parts of the visual field. Moreover, this integration must be selective for stimuli that are behaviorally relevant and the visual system must be able to separate relevant stimulus information from background clutter. How this is accomplished will be studied during normal visual development and in patients with amblyopia using a combination of psychophysical, electrophysiological and functional imaging approaches. We will link the cortical sources determined by fMRI to neuronal activity recorded with high-density EEG/MEG using source localization techniques. The degree to which attention influences response sensitivity will be determined by comparing EEG responses when observers are making motion/form relevant discriminations on the test stimuli versus responses made when the observers are performing an attentionally demanding distractor task. Sensitivity to global motion and form stimuli will be determined in visually mature observers with a history of strabismus and/or amblyopia using both psychophysical and electrophysiological measures. Developmental sequences for the same stimuli will also be determined in normally developing infants and children. These tasks are likely to probe activity in extra-striate areas which may be particularly vulnerable due to extended developmental sequences.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Eye Institute (NEI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01EY015790-03
Application #
7111694
Study Section
Central Visual Processing Study Section (CVP)
Program Officer
Oberdorfer, Michael
Project Start
2004-09-06
Project End
2008-08-31
Budget Start
2006-09-01
Budget End
2007-08-31
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
2006
Total Cost
$412,209
Indirect Cost
Name
Smith-Kettlewell Eye Research Institute
Department
Type
DUNS #
073121105
City
San Francisco
State
CA
Country
United States
Zip Code
94115
Norcia, Anthony M; Pei, Francesca; Kohler, Peter J (2017) Evidence for long-range spatiotemporal interactions in infant and adult visual cortex. J Vis 17:12
Cottereau, Benoit R; Ales, Justin M; Norcia, Anthony M (2015) How to use fMRI functional localizers to improve EEG/MEG source estimation. J Neurosci Methods 250:64-73
Norcia, Anthony M; Appelbaum, L Gregory; Ales, Justin M et al. (2015) The steady-state visual evoked potential in vision research: A review. J Vis 15:4
Dmochowski, Jacek P; Norcia, Anthony M (2015) Cortical Components of Reaction-Time during Perceptual Decisions in Humans. PLoS One 10:e0143339
Dmochowski, Jacek P; Greaves, Alex S; Norcia, Anthony M (2015) Maximally reliable spatial filtering of steady state visual evoked potentials. Neuroimage 109:63-72
Duan, Yiran; Norcia, Anthony M; Yeatman, Jason D et al. (2015) The Structural Properties of Major White Matter Tracts in Strabismic Amblyopia. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 56:5152-60
Clark, Damon A; Fitzgerald, James E; Ales, Justin M et al. (2014) Flies and humans share a motion estimation strategy that exploits natural scene statistics. Nat Neurosci 17:296-303
Cooper, Emily A; Jiang, Haomiao; Vildavski, Vladimir et al. (2013) Assessment of OLED displays for vision research. J Vis 13:16
Norcia, Anthony M; Hale, Julia; Pettet, Mark W et al. (2009) Disparity tuning of binocular facilitation and suppression after normal versus abnormal visual development. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 50:1168-75
Hou, C; Gilmore, R O; Pettet, M W et al. (2009) Spatio-temporal tuning of coherent motion evoked responses in 4-6 month old infants and adults. Vision Res 49:2509-17

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