Despite the current fad that the 'genome era' is coming to an end (as the 'post-genome era' gets underway), genetic analysis will undoubtedly continue to be a prolific field of exploration. Genetic analytical methods will be critical in fleshing out new mutations correlative of neoplastic growth, understanding the significance of single nucleotide polymorphisms, and developing better genotyping methods for, e.g., microsatellite DNA. Accordingly, the purification of nucleic acid material from crude biological samples and the successful amplification of target DNA sequences by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) will remain a requisite protocol that is of vital importance. We have demonstrated the feasibility of executing PCR in microchips using IR-mediated heating (i.e., using a heat lamp) and have shown that this can be directly interfaced with separation on the same microchip. We now propose to further these developments by defining the appropriate microchip design and corresponding instrumentation for multiplexed PCR (36 samples at a time) and DNA separation on a single microchip. The PCR amplification will be completely non-contact (IR for heating and interferometry for temperature sensing), and capable of completing DNA amplification (up to 25cycles) in 15 minutes or less. Multi-channel electrophoretic analysis of the PCR products will ensue on the same microchip with a sample throughput of more than a sample per minute (32 samples in less than 30 minutes). The seamless integration of multiplexed PCR with separation on a microdevice will provide a giant step towards automated instrumentation with 'sample-in-answer-out' capabilities for diagnostics and a variety of other fields. Such an approach will not only exploit the power of microchip technology for reducing sample volumes and increasing the speed of the PCR process, but set the stage for truly integrated genetic analysis on a microchip (a.k.a., a true lab-on-a-chip).

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01HG001832-06
Application #
6795380
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZRG1-GEN (90))
Program Officer
Schloss, Jeffery
Project Start
1998-07-20
Project End
2006-08-31
Budget Start
2004-09-09
Budget End
2005-08-31
Support Year
6
Fiscal Year
2004
Total Cost
$263,438
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Virginia
Department
Chemistry
Type
Schools of Arts and Sciences
DUNS #
065391526
City
Charlottesville
State
VA
Country
United States
Zip Code
22904
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