Following injury or primary cell culture, quiescent differentiated vascular smooth muscle (VSMDIFF) cells undergo phenotypic switching to a synthetic phenotype (VSMSYN) characterized by high rates of cellular proliferation, extracellular matrix remodeling, motility and pro-inflammatory function. This process includes changes in expression of channels and pumps involved in intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis, several of which have been targeted in vitro to inhibit vascular remodeling associated with injury and disease. A significant challenge is to understand how Ca signals are transduced to regulate VSMSYN -specific function. 2+ In previous funding periods we characterized expression and function of multifunctional serine/threonine Ca2+/Calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) in VSM. We first discovered that expression of a CaMKII? splice variant was increased in rat VSM following arterial injury, functionally promoting VSM cell proliferation, migration and neointima formation. Conversely, CaMKII? expression rapidly decreases in parallel with VSMDIFF phenotype markers, conditional knockout results in enhanced vascular remodeling following vascular injury, and conversely over-expression inhibits VSMSYN function and vascular remodeling. (Preliminary studies). These results indicate that CaMKII? and ?-isoforms have non-equivalent functions in VSM. Novel preliminary studies suggest coordinate regulation of CaMKII?- by microRNA-30 family members and CaMKII? by promoter DNA methylation/de-methylation. It is hypothesized that reciprocal regulation of CaMKII?- and ?-isoform expression in VSM, and the relative isoform composition of CaMKII holoenzymes, is a determinant of vascular remodeling in response to injury and disease. Three related but independent specific aims are proposed to:
Aim 1. establish cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying opposing CaMKII-isoform function in regulating arterial remodeling in response to injury using novel genetic mouse models, a femoral artery wire injury protocol, and in vitro cell culture studies;
Aim 2. Using the same approaches, test a novel mechanism and functional consequences of reciprocal regulation of CaMKII? and ?-isoform expression by miR-30 and DNA cytosine methylation in vivo and in vitro;
and Aim 3. Evaluate the functional importance of VSM cell CaMKII signaling and isoform dynamics in a clinically relevant context, i.e. the process of arteriovenous-fistula maturation and failure studied in a mouse model of AVF failure and correlated with analyses of human failed AVF specimens following surgical revision.

Public Health Relevance

Following injury or disease, quiescent differentiated vascular smooth muscle cells undergo phenotypic switching to a synthetic phenotype characterized by high rates of cellular proliferation, extracellular matrix remodeling, motility and pro-inflammatory function. This process includes changes in expression of proteins involved in intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis, including the multifunctional serine/threonine Ca2+/Calmodulin- dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII). Coordinate and reciprocal regulation of CaMKII?- and ?-isoform expression in VSM, and the relative isoform composition of CaMKII holoenzymes, is proposed to be a determinant of vascular remodeling in response to injury and disease. The proposed studies will test this concept in mouse arterial and venous injury models, and importantly, extrapolate the concept to understand pathophysiology contributing to human arterio-venous fistula failure, a significant clinical problem leading to vascular access failure in patients dependent on dialysis.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
2R01HL049426-21A1
Application #
9030240
Study Section
Vascular Cell and Molecular Biology Study Section (VCMB)
Program Officer
OH, Youngsuk
Project Start
1994-07-01
Project End
2019-12-31
Budget Start
2016-01-01
Budget End
2016-12-31
Support Year
21
Fiscal Year
2016
Total Cost
$395,000
Indirect Cost
$145,000
Name
Albany Medical College
Department
Other Basic Sciences
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
190592162
City
Albany
State
NY
Country
United States
Zip Code
12208
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Zhao, Jinjing; Wu, Wen; Zhang, Wei et al. (2017) Selective expression of TSPAN2 in vascular smooth muscle is independently regulated by TGF-?1/SMAD and myocardin/serum response factor. FASEB J 31:2576-2591
Zhao, Jinjing; Jourd'heuil, Frances L; Xue, Min et al. (2017) Dual Function for Mature Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells During Arteriovenous Fistula Remodeling. J Am Heart Assoc 6:
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Li, Jingjing; Miao, Lianjie; Shieh, David et al. (2016) Single-Cell Lineage Tracing Reveals that Oriented Cell Division Contributes to Trabecular Morphogenesis and Regional Specification. Cell Rep 15:158-170
Zhao, Jinjing; Zhang, Wei; Lin, Mingyan et al. (2016) MYOSLID Is a Novel Serum Response Factor-Dependent Long Noncoding RNA That Amplifies the Vascular Smooth Muscle Differentiation Program. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 36:2088-99
Saddouk, Fatima Z; Sun, Li-Yan; Liu, Yong Feng et al. (2016) Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II-? (CaMKII?) negatively regulates vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and vascular remodeling. FASEB J 30:1051-64
Liu, Yong Feng; Spinelli, Amy; Sun, Li-Yan et al. (2016) MicroRNA-30 inhibits neointimal hyperplasia by targeting Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II? (CaMKII?). Sci Rep 6:26166
Spinelli, Amy M; Liu, Yongfeng; Sun, Li-Yan et al. (2015) Smooth muscle CaMKII? promotes allergen-induced airway hyperresponsiveness and inflammation. Pflugers Arch 467:2541-54

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