Over 5 million Americans suffer from heart failure with over a half a million newly diagnosed cases each year. The annual cost of treatment is approaching 40 billion dollars with over 20 billion dollars in hospital expenses alone. The incidence of heart failure increases with age and is markedly higher amongst minority populations. Therefore, heart failure presents a major health problem in the United States as well as worldwide. Exercise intolerance is a classic symptom of heart failure. Even moderate exercise may leave the patient exhausted and out of breath. In this setting often extreme activation of the sympathetic nervous system occurs causing profound peripheral vasoconstriction. Even the coronary vasculature may be vasoconstricted causing local ischemia and increased incidence of ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. The mechanisms mediating this exaggerated activation of the sympathetic nervous system during exercise in subjects with heart failure are poorly understood. Previous studies have implicated abnormal activation of the muscle metaboreflex and arterial baroreflex in mediating these responses. This competing renewal proposal is focused on expanding our investigations of altered neural control of cardiovascular function during exercise in heart failure. We will utilize our innovative and highly complex conscious, chronically instrumented canine model. Our long term goal is to further elucidate the mechanisms responsible for the heightened activation of the sympathetic nervous system during exercise in heart failure and the functional consequences of these responses in the integrative control of cardiovascular function. This proposal is focused on the altered neuronal control of coronary blood flow and the impact on ventricular function during exercise in heart failure as well as the role of vasoconstriction in active skeletal muscle in mediating the exaggerated sympathetic activation in this setting. A major strength of the proposal is our unique capability of simultaneous measurement of a number of critical central and peripheral hemodynamic parameters in real time at rest and during exercise in the same animals before and after induction of heart failure. These longitudinally designed experiments we feel will provide compelling new information on the altered mechanisms of cardiovascular control during exercise in heart failure.

Public Health Relevance

Heart failure is one of the leading causes of death in the U.S. affecting over 5 million Americans with over 550,000 new cases diagnosed each year. A hallmark feature of heart failure is decreased exercise tolerance. Even in normal subjects, dynamic exercise presents one of the greatest challenges to cardiovascular control and this challenge is markedly exacerbated in heart failure resulting in often profound increases in sympathetic nerve activity which can elicit vasoconstriction of the coronary circulation as well as the active skeletal muscle. The focus of this proposal is to determine the roles of the muscle metaboreflex and arterial baroreflex in this altered control of integrative cardiovascular function during exercise in heart failure and the functional consequences of the heighted sympathetic tone on ventricular function and skeletal muscle blood flow.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01HL055473-16
Application #
8464765
Study Section
Clinical and Integrative Cardiovascular Sciences Study Section (CICS)
Program Officer
Rundhaugen, Lynn M
Project Start
1996-07-08
Project End
2016-03-31
Budget Start
2013-04-01
Budget End
2014-03-31
Support Year
16
Fiscal Year
2013
Total Cost
$372,613
Indirect Cost
$127,473
Name
Wayne State University
Department
Physiology
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
001962224
City
Detroit
State
MI
Country
United States
Zip Code
48202
Kaur, Jasdeep; Senador, Danielle; Krishnan, Abhinav C et al. (2018) Muscle metaboreflex-induced vasoconstriction in the ischemic active muscle is exaggerated in heart failure. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 314:H11-H18
Senador, Danielle; Kaur, Jasdeep; Alvarez, Alberto et al. (2017) Role of endothelial nitric oxide in control of peripheral vascular conductance during muscle metaboreflex activation. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 313:R29-R34
Kaur, Jasdeep; Alvarez, Alberto; Hanna, Hanna W et al. (2016) Interaction between the muscle metaboreflex and the arterial baroreflex in control of arterial pressure and skeletal muscle blood flow. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 311:H1268-H1276
Ardell, J L; Andresen, M C; Armour, J A et al. (2016) Translational neurocardiology: preclinical models and cardioneural integrative aspects. J Physiol 594:3877-909
Kaur, Jasdeep; Spranger, Marty D; Hammond, Robert L et al. (2015) Muscle metaboreflex activation during dynamic exercise evokes epinephrine release resulting in ?2-mediated vasodilation. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 308:H524-9
Kaur, Jasdeep; Machado, Tiago M; Alvarez, Alberto et al. (2015) Muscle metaboreflex activation during dynamic exercise vasoconstricts ischemic active skeletal muscle. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 309:H2145-51
Sala-Mercado, Javier A; Moslehpour, Mohsen; Hammond, Robert L et al. (2014) Stimulation of the cardiopulmonary baroreflex enhances ventricular contractility in awake dogs: a mathematical analysis study. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 307:R455-64
Aletti, F; Hammond, R L; Sala-Mercado, J A et al. (2013) Cardiac output is not a significant source of low frequency mean arterial pressure variability. Physiol Meas 34:1207-16
Spranger, Marty D; Sala-Mercado, Javier A; Coutsos, Matthew et al. (2013) Role of cardiac output versus peripheral vasoconstriction in mediating muscle metaboreflex pressor responses: dynamic exercise versus postexercise muscle ischemia. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 304:R657-63
Coutsos, Matthew; Sala-Mercado, Javier A; Ichinose, Masashi et al. (2013) Muscle metaboreflex-induced coronary vasoconstriction limits ventricular contractility during dynamic exercise in heart failure. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 304:H1029-37

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