The overall goal of this project is to improve the efficacy of transfusion of stored blood. There is good evidence that red blood cell storage results in loss of functionality and integrity of red blood cells over time and that this contributes to deleterious effects upon blood transfusion. This project is built around the hypothesis that this storage lesion is largely due to dysregulation of nitric oxide homeostasis in the blood. This disruption is due to increased nitric oxide scavenging by cell-free hemoglobin and microparticles that are released during hemolysis in stored blood and diminished nitric oxide production by the newly discovered red cell nitric oxide synthase. A vast array of clinical, biophysical, molecular biology, and biochemical tools will be applied to characterize the nitric oxide storage lesion in vitro in stored blood as well as in chimeric mice models, a canine model, and in human studies. In addition, therapeutics will be explored in these systems that could restore nitric oxide homeostasis by reducing nitric oxide scavenging and increasing nitric oxide production.

Public Health Relevance

(provided by applicant): There are several potential risks associated with transfusion of stored red blood cells, a procedure performed about 14 million times per year in patients undergoing surgery or with chronic illness. This project explores the hypothesis that deleterious effects of red cell transfusion are due to resulting upset in the availability of the important signaling molecule nitric oxide. The project investigates the cause of this reduction in nitric oxide bioavailability and explores ways to restore nitric oxide upon red cell transfusion.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01HL098032-04
Application #
8294569
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZHL1-CSR-S (S1))
Program Officer
Welniak, Lisbeth A
Project Start
2009-09-18
Project End
2013-07-31
Budget Start
2012-08-01
Budget End
2013-07-31
Support Year
4
Fiscal Year
2012
Total Cost
$672,697
Indirect Cost
$186,073
Name
University of Pittsburgh
Department
Internal Medicine/Medicine
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
004514360
City
Pittsburgh
State
PA
Country
United States
Zip Code
15213
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Kato, Gregory J; Steinberg, Martin H; Gladwin, Mark T (2017) Intravascular hemolysis and the pathophysiology of sickle cell disease. J Clin Invest 127:750-760

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