Cardiovascular disease causes 34% of all deaths in the United States (AHA, 2010) and 17.6 million Americans suffer from coronary heart disease (CHD). Of these, 8.5 million experience myocardial infarction (AHA 2006). Older Americans are at high risk for CHDs. Improved outcomes will require limiting ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury to preserve the functional myocardium after MI. Endothelial cells of the heart are in close proximity to cardiomyocytes and essentially regulate myocyte function in pathophysiological conditions. Endothelial and myocyte apoptosis are significant contributors for myocardial infarction following I/R. Studies have shown that endothelial apoptosis precedes myocyte apoptosis in the heart in I/R. We have recently developed transgenic mice that are deficient in functional thioredoxin (dnTrx-Tg), an endogenous redox-active antioxidant protein. We have also generated mice that express higher levels of Trx (Trx-Tg). Using these mice with gain-of-function and loss-of-function of Trx, we discovered that aged Trx-Tg mice are protected against myocardial infarction in response to ischemia-reperfusion (I/R), whereas those deficient in Trx, like wild type, undergo extensive myocardial damage. Thus, we hypothesize that increased levels of Trx can afford protection against endothelial apoptosis. This hypothesis leads to the Specific Aims of this proposal:
Aim 1 will determine the role of Trx in endothelial apoptosis due to NRG1?/ErbB4 signaling;
Aim 2 will explore potential mechanisms of these effects as it related to Nox4 activation, eNOS expression via VEGF;
and Aim 3 will determine whether increased levels of Trx inhibit apoptosis signal regulating kinase (ASK1) in I/R that protects myocyte apoptosis. The outcomes of this project will contribute to our understanding of the protective role of thioredoxin in endothelial apoptosis, which may lead to novel endothelium-based approaches to treat myocardial infarction.

Public Health Relevance

Older Americans are at high risk for heart diseases. For example, less than 1% of Americans under the age of 39 show symptoms of heart disease compared to 55% of American older than 40 (AHA 2010). Our proposal will test beneficial role of thioredoxin an endogenous protein on the death of heart cells and due to conditions similar to bypass surgery and, if successful, this project will lay foundation for the therapeutic development this protein for treatment of heart disease.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01HL109397-02
Application #
8321460
Study Section
Vascular Cell and Molecular Biology Study Section (VCMB)
Program Officer
Adhikari, Bishow B
Project Start
2011-08-18
Project End
2012-08-01
Budget Start
2012-05-01
Budget End
2012-08-01
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
2012
Total Cost
$63,632
Indirect Cost
$20,487
Name
University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences
Department
Pathology
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
122452563
City
Little Rock
State
AR
Country
United States
Zip Code
72205
Das, Kumuda C; Kundumani-Sridharan, Venkatesh; Subramani, Jaganathan (2018) Role of Thioredoxin in Age-Related Hypertension. Curr Hypertens Rep 20:6
Hilgers, Rob H P; Kundumani-Sridharan, Venkatesh; Subramani, Jaganathan et al. (2017) Thioredoxin reverses age-related hypertension by chronically improving vascular redox and restoring eNOS function. Sci Transl Med 9:
Subramani, Jaganathan; Kundumani-Sridharan, Venkatesh; Hilgers, Rob H P et al. (2016) Thioredoxin Uses a GSH-independent Route to Deglutathionylate Endothelial Nitric-oxide Synthase and Protect against Myocardial Infarction. J Biol Chem 291:23374-23389
Das, Kumuda C (2015) Thioredoxin-deficient mice, a novel phenotype sensitive to ambient air and hypersensitive to hyperoxia-induced lung injury. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 308:L429-42
Kundumani-Sridharan, Venkatesh; Subramani, Jaganathan; Das, Kumuda C (2015) Thioredoxin Activates MKK4-NF?B Pathway in a Redox-dependent Manner to Control Manganese Superoxide Dismutase Gene Expression in Endothelial Cells. J Biol Chem 290:17505-19
Hilgers, Rob H P; Das, Kumuda C (2015) Role of in vivo vascular redox in resistance arteries. Hypertension 65:130-9
Das, Kumuda C; Wasnick, John D (2014) Biphasic response of checkpoint control proteins in hyperoxia: exposure to lower levels of oxygen induces genome maintenance genes in experimental baboon BPD. Mol Cell Biochem 395:187-98
Patel, Hemang; Chen, Juan; Das, Kumuda C et al. (2013) Hyperglycemia induces differential change in oxidative stress at gene expression and functional levels in HUVEC and HMVEC. Cardiovasc Diabetol 12:142
Das, Kumuda C; Muniyappa, Harish (2013) Age-dependent mitochondrial energy dynamics in the mice heart: role of superoxide dismutase-2. Exp Gerontol 48:947-59
Das, Kumuda C (2013) Hyperoxia decreases glycolytic capacity, glycolytic reserve and oxidative phosphorylation in MLE-12 cells and inhibits complex I and II function, but not complex IV in isolated mouse lung mitochondria. PLoS One 8:e73358

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