Cigarette smoking is the leading preventable cause of death in the U.S. The U.S. Public Health Service Smoking Cessation Guideline recommends offering effective treatment that includes both medication and counseling to smokers in all health care settings, including hospitals. Nearly 4 million smokers are hospitalized each year, and hospital admission offers a ?teachable moment? for intervention. In-hospital smoking cessation intervention is efficacious, but only if contact continues for more than 1 month after discharge. The challenge is to translate this efficacy research into clinical practice. Sustaining treatment after discharge is the major barrier to identifying a scalable, sustainable, cost-effective model for U.S. hospitals. Building on our prior work, this competitive renewal project compares the effectiveness of 2 innovative strategies that aim to sustain treatment after discharge. Both interventions are integrated into the electronic health record (EHR) and leverage technology to engage patients and streamline the delivery and uptake of evidence-based tobacco cessation treatment, but they differ in intensity and resources required.
Specific Aim : To compare the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of 2 interventions to increase hospitalized smokers? long-term tobacco abstinence after discharge. Study Design: A multi-site randomized controlled comparative effectiveness trial will enroll 1350 adult smokers admitted to 3 hospitals in 3 states (MA, PA, and TN). All subjects will have a standardized in- hospital smoking intervention and be randomly assigned at discharge to Personalized Tobacco Care Management (PTCM) or Quitline eReferral (eReferral). PTCM, built on our prior work, offers smokers 4 weeks of free nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) in hand at discharge (refillable x 1) and 7 proactive automated contacts over 3 months via their preference of interactive voice response (IVR) phone calls or text messages. Each contact promotes cessation and offers access to a tobacco coach based in the health system who coordinates treatment with the smoker?s health care team via the EHR. eReferral is a less intensive, lower cost option in which smokers receive a one-time automated referral from the EHR to the state quitline at discharge. The quitline offers multi-session telephone counseling, 4 weeks of free mailed NRT, and sends a feedback report to the EHR. Outcomes, assessed at 1, 3, and 6 months after hospital discharge, are: (1) intervention effectiveness (biochemically-validated past 7-day tobacco abstinence at 6 month follow-up [1o outcome] and other tobacco abstinence measures); (2) smoking cessation treatment utilization, and (3) cost- effectiveness (incremental cost per quit). We will explore the interventions? effects on hospital readmissions and mortality after discharge. Impact: New National Hospital Quality Measures (NHQM) adopted by Medicare and Medicaid programs include tobacco treatment measures, giving hospitals an incentive to adopt these interventions. Completion of this study will provide critical cost and effectiveness data to guide hospitals as they develop strategies to comply with NHQM, reduce patients? smoking, and improve clinical outcomes.

Public Health Relevance

Cigarette smoking is the leading preventable cause of death in the U.S. Smoking cessation reduces risk and extends life expectancy. For the nearly 4 million smokers admitted to a hospital each year, being in the hospital is a good time to quit smoking because hospital policy does not allow patients to smoke. Smoking cessation treatment that starts in the hospital is effective as long as it continues after the smoker returns home. This project will test two practical strategies for continuing smoking cessation treatment after a hospital discharge. The results will help hospitals comply with new quality standards that require them to offer tobacco treatment to all hospitalized smokers.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01HL111821-07
Application #
9483758
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZRG1)
Program Officer
Nicastro, Holly L
Project Start
2012-03-07
Project End
2022-04-30
Budget Start
2018-05-01
Budget End
2019-04-30
Support Year
7
Fiscal Year
2018
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Massachusetts General Hospital
Department
Type
DUNS #
073130411
City
Boston
State
MA
Country
United States
Zip Code
Kalkhoran, Sara; Benowitz, Neal L; Rigotti, Nancy A (2018) Prevention and Treatment of Tobacco Use: JACC Health Promotion Series. J Am Coll Cardiol 72:1030-1045
Ylioja, Thomas; Cochran, Gerald; Chang, Yuchiao et al. (2017) Postdischarge smoking cessation in subgroups of hospitalized smokers: A latent class analysis. Subst Abus 38:493-497
Rigotti, Nancy A; Chang, Yuchiao; Rosenfeld, Lisa C et al. (2017) Interactive Voice Response Calls to Promote Smoking Cessation after Hospital Discharge: Pooled Analysis of Two Randomized Clinical Trials. J Gen Intern Med 32:1005-1013
Scheuermann, Taneisha S; Richter, Kimber P; Rigotti, Nancy A et al. (2017) Accuracy of self-reported smoking abstinence in clinical trials of hospital-initiated smoking interventions. Addiction 112:2227-2236
Pack, Quinn R; Priya, Aruna; Lagu, Tara C et al. (2017) Smoking Cessation Pharmacotherapy Among Smokers Hospitalized for Coronary Heart Disease. JAMA Intern Med 177:1525-1527
Kruse, Gina R; Kalkhoran, Sara; Rigotti, Nancy A (2017) Use of Electronic Cigarettes Among U.S. Adults With Medical Comorbidities. Am J Prev Med 52:798-804
Streck, Joanna M; Regan, Susan; Chang, Yuchiao et al. (2017) Examining the effects of illicit drug use on tobacco cessation outcomes in the Helping HAND 2 randomized controlled trial. Drug Alcohol Depend 178:586-592
Rigotti, Nancy A; Tindle, Hilary A; Regan, Susan et al. (2016) A Post-Discharge Smoking-Cessation Intervention for Hospital Patients: Helping Hand 2 Randomized Clinical Trial. Am J Prev Med 51:597-608
Reid, Zachary Z; Regan, Susan; Kelley, Jennifer H K et al. (2015) Comparative Effectiveness of Post-Discharge Strategies for Hospitalized Smokers: study protocol for the Helping HAND 2 randomized controlled trial. BMC Public Health 15:109
Rigotti, Nancy A; Harrington, Kathleen F; Richter, Kimber et al. (2015) Increasing prevalence of electronic cigarette use among smokers hospitalized in 5 US cities, 2010-2013. Nicotine Tob Res 17:236-44