Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) is a severe disorder characterized by asthma, recurrent nasal polyposis, and marked eosinophilic inflammation of the sinonasal and bronchial mucosa. It accounts for ~5% of asthma, and for a disproportionate share (~30%) of severe asthma. Therapeutic options are limited by a lack of understanding of disease pathogenesis. No suitable animal model has been reported to date. This proposal uses a novel mouse model of AERD to test the overriding hypothesis that AERD arises in hosts who are predisposed to abnormal function of any one of several interconnected control points of a lipid mediator hierarchy. These abnormalities result in failure of the prostaglandin (PG)E2-EP2 receptor system to control the synthesis and effector actions of cysteinyl leukotrienes (cys-LTs). A superimposed inflammatory insult results in markedly exaggerated eosinophilic respiratory tract inflammation with augmented downstream pathogenetic effects of the thromboxane A2 (TXA2)-T prostanoid (TP) receptor system as a final common pathway. We have found that house dust mite-treated ptges-/- mice (which lack the capacity to produce PGE2 through the inducible COX-2 enzyme), but not WT controls, bronchoconstrict when challenged by inhalation with inhaled lysine-aspirin (Lys-ASA), and generate ~3-fold higher quantities of cys-LTs than do WT controls. Remarkably, genetic deletion or pharmacologic blockade of TP receptors completely protect ptges-/- mice from bronchial eosinophilia, Th2 cytokine generation, and pulmonary ICAM-1 induction despite persistent high level pulmonary cys-LT production. We now seek to determine precisely how perturbations at individual control points in a lipid mediator hierarchy lead to the phenotype of AERD. Because our data suggest that TP receptors may be major therapeutic targets in AERD, we will also seek to identify the mechanism(s) that account for their functions. The studies proposed will reveal potential causative mechanisms in AERD and identify therapeutic targets that could restore normal homeostasis.

Public Health Relevance

Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) is a severe form of asthma that also involves difficult to control chronic sinusitis. Treatment options are limited, in part, because of a lack of understanding of its cause. The studies in this proposal wil uncover new potential treatments for AERD using a new experimental form of the disease in mice.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01HL117945-03
Application #
8833332
Study Section
Hypersensitivity, Autoimmune, and Immune-mediated Diseases Study Section (HAI)
Program Officer
Noel, Patricia
Project Start
2013-06-15
Project End
2017-04-30
Budget Start
2015-05-01
Budget End
2016-04-30
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
2015
Total Cost
$378,510
Indirect Cost
$131,667
Name
Brigham and Women's Hospital
Department
Type
DUNS #
030811269
City
Boston
State
MA
Country
United States
Zip Code
02115
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Buchheit, Kathleen M; Cahill, Katherine N; Katz, Howard R et al. (2016) Thymic stromal lymphopoietin controls prostaglandin D2 generation in patients with aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease. J Allergy Clin Immunol 137:1566-1576.e5
Kondeti, Vinay; Al-Azzam, Nosayba; Duah, Ernest et al. (2016) Leukotriene D4 and prostaglandin E2 signals synergize and potentiate vascular inflammation in a mast cell-dependent manner through cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1 and E-prostanoid receptor 3. J Allergy Clin Immunol 137:289-298
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Liu, Tao; Kanaoka, Yoshihide; Barrett, Nora A et al. (2015) Aspirin-Exacerbated Respiratory Disease Involves a Cysteinyl Leukotriene-Driven IL-33-Mediated Mast Cell Activation Pathway. J Immunol 195:3537-45
Boyce, Joshua A; Barrett, Nora A (2015) Cysteinyl leukotrienes: an innate system for epithelial control of airway smooth muscle proliferation? Am J Respir Crit Care Med 191:496-7
Liu, Tao; Garofalo, Denise; Feng, Chunli et al. (2015) Platelet-driven leukotriene C4-mediated airway inflammation in mice is aspirin-sensitive and depends on T prostanoid receptors. J Immunol 194:5061-8
Cahill, Katherine N; Bensko, Jillian C; Boyce, Joshua A et al. (2015) Prostaglandin D?: a dominant mediator of aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease. J Allergy Clin Immunol 135:245-52

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