This competing continuation application proposes to use much more refined methods to test hypotheses generated from our initial grant (a FIRST award), which examined the mechanisms of visual processing abnormalities in schizophrenia patients and their siblings. Based on our initial series of studies, we hypothesize that schizophrenia patients have dual deficits involving both early (sensory/perceptual) and later (attentional disengage) processes. We hypothesize that the problem in the early component stems from overactive transient visual channel activity. In contrast, we hypothesize that siblings of the patients show deficits on the early, but not later component of visual masking. The current proposal also includes an attentional manipulation of readiness to determine whether performance can be modified under these conditions. We will also make critical advances in our studies of early visual processing deficits as vulnerability factors for schizophrenia. Vulnerability to schizophrenia can be studied by assessing First-degree relatives of patients and by assessing patients when they are in remission. We will do both. We will expand our work with visual processing in the siblings of chronic schizophrenia patients to test the hypothesis that siblings show evidence of overactive transient channels in the early masking component, but a normal degree of attentional disengagement in the later masking component. We hypothesize that remitted schizophrenia patients will also show deficits in the early masking component. Remitted bipolar patients are included to address the diagnostic specificity of this vulnerability factor. In an exploratory component, the current proposal will provide the first opportunity to assess the siblings of schizophrenia patients on the pre-pulse inhibition of startle blink, which has certain procedural and conceptual similarities to visual masking. The basic approach for these studies is """"""""experimental reductivism"""""""" in which the goal is to parse a complex cognitive deficit relevant to schizophrenia into its smallest meaningful units. Identification of these basic cognitive components will help us to refine our conceptualization of the specific aspects of cognition that are associated with vulnerability to schizophrenia.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01MH043292-07
Application #
2415911
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZMH1-CRB-B (M4))
Project Start
1988-08-01
Project End
2001-04-30
Budget Start
1997-07-01
Budget End
1998-04-30
Support Year
7
Fiscal Year
1997
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
University of California Los Angeles
Department
Type
Other Domestic Higher Education
DUNS #
119132785
City
Los Angeles
State
CA
Country
United States
Zip Code
90095
Lee, Junghee; Rizzo, Shemra; Altshuler, Lori et al. (2017) Deconstructing Bipolar Disorder and Schizophrenia: A cross-diagnostic cluster analysis of cognitive phenotypes. J Affect Disord 209:71-79
Jimenez, Amy M; Lee, Junghee; Green, Michael F et al. (2017) Functional connectivity when detecting rare visual targets in schizophrenia. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 261:35-43
Horan, William P; Jimenez, Amy M; Lee, Junghee et al. (2016) Pain empathy in schizophrenia: an fMRI study. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 11:783-92
Jimenez, Amy M; Lee, Junghee; Wynn, Jonathan K et al. (2016) Abnormal Ventral and Dorsal Attention Network Activity during Single and Dual Target Detection in Schizophrenia. Front Psychol 7:323
Horan, William P; Wynn, Jonathan K; Hajcak, Greg et al. (2016) Distinct patterns of dysfunctional appetitive and aversive motivation in bipolar disorder versus schizophrenia: An event-related potential study. J Abnorm Psychol 125:576-87
Wynn, Jonathan K; Jimenez, Amy M; Roach, Brian J et al. (2015) Impaired target detection in schizophrenia and the ventral attentional network: Findings from a joint event-related potential-functional MRI analysis. Neuroimage Clin 9:95-102
Horan, William P; Reise, Steven P; Kern, Robert S et al. (2015) Structure and correlates of self-reported empathy in schizophrenia. J Psychiatr Res 66-67:60-6
Tabak, Naomi T; Green, Michael F; Wynn, Jonathan K et al. (2015) Perceived emotional intelligence is impaired and associated with poor community functioning in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Schizophr Res 162:189-95
Wynn, Jonathan K; Roach, Brian J; Lee, Junghee et al. (2015) EEG findings of reduced neural synchronization during visual integration in schizophrenia. PLoS One 10:e0119849
Davis, Michael C; Horan, William P; Nurmi, Erika L et al. (2014) Associations between oxytocin receptor genotypes and social cognitive performance in individuals with schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 159:353-7

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