While there are many effective options for treating a major depressive episode, there are no clinical markers that predict the likelihood of remission with an initial trial of either an antidepressant medication or psychotherapy. More critically, there are also no reliable predictors that might anticipate failure to such standard treatments either alone or in combination. In prioritizing a role for direct measures of brain functioning in the development of new algorithms for clinical management of depressed patients, a systematic characterization of pretreatment patterns predictive of unambiguous remission and non-remission to standard treatments is a necessary first step. This project will characterize imaging-based brain subtypes that distinguish groups of depressed patients who later remit or not to SSRI pharmacotherapy or cognitive behavior therapy (CBT), respectively. To define these subtypes, a prospectively-treated cohort of 100 patients will be randomized to receive either escitalopram (s-CIT) or CBT for the first 12 weeks, with non- remitters to either first treatment crossed over to receive an additional 12 weeks of treatment with the alternative intervention. Non-remitters to both treatments will thus define a relatively treatment resistant third subgroup. Resting-state 18F-fluoro-deoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) scans will be acquired prior to initiating antidepressant therapy, with pre-treatment scan patterns associated with three possible outcomes (CBT remission, s-CIT remission, and non-remission to both) assessed using multivariate analytic methods. A second PET scan, acquired early in the treatment course, will be used to assess the likelihood of response to the specific treatment first assigned. The proposed studies are a first step towards defining brain-based biomarkers predictive of differential treatment outcome in major depression; most critically, patterns distinguishing patients at risk for treatment resistance. Identification of such biomarkers has additional implications for future testing of novel therapies in patients with distinct brain signatures, including development of evidence-based treatment algorithms for individual patients. ? ? ?

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01MH073719-02
Application #
7266938
Study Section
Neural Basis of Psychopathology, Addictions and Sleep Disorders Study Section (NPAS)
Program Officer
Hillefors, MI
Project Start
2006-07-26
Project End
2010-06-30
Budget Start
2007-07-01
Budget End
2008-06-30
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
2007
Total Cost
$505,374
Indirect Cost
Name
Emory University
Department
Psychiatry
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
066469933
City
Atlanta
State
GA
Country
United States
Zip Code
30322
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Carrillo-Roa, Tania; Labermaier, Christiana; Weber, Peter et al. (2017) Common genes associated with antidepressant response in mouse and man identify key role of glucocorticoid receptor sensitivity. PLoS Biol 15:e2002690
Mayberg, Helen S (2016) Implementing Recommendations for Depression Screening of Adults: How Can Neurology Contribute to the Dialogue? JAMA Neurol 73:270-1
Kang, Jian; Bowman, F DuBois; Mayberg, Helen et al. (2016) A depression network of functionally connected regions discovered via multi-attribute canonical correlation graphs. Neuroimage 141:431-441
Dunlop, Boadie W; Kelley, Mary E; McGrath, Callie L et al. (2015) Preliminary Findings Supporting Insula Metabolic Activity as a Predictor of Outcome to Psychotherapy and Medication Treatments for Depression. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 27:237-9
McGrath, Callie L; Kelley, Mary E; Dunlop, Boadie W et al. (2014) Pretreatment brain states identify likely nonresponse to standard treatments for depression. Biol Psychiatry 76:527-35
Dunlop, Boadie W; Mayberg, Helen S (2014) Neuroimaging-based biomarkers for treatment selection in major depressive disorder. Dialogues Clin Neurosci 16:479-90
Choi, Ki Sueng; Holtzheimer, Paul E; Franco, Alexandre R et al. (2014) Reconciling variable findings of white matter integrity in major depressive disorder. Neuropsychopharmacology 39:1332-9
Mayberg, Helen S (2014) Neuroimaging and psychiatry: the long road from bench to bedside. Hastings Cent Rep Spec No:S31-6
McGrath, Callie L; Kelley, Mary E; Holtzheimer, Paul E et al. (2013) Toward a neuroimaging treatment selection biomarker for major depressive disorder. JAMA Psychiatry 70:821-9

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