Background and relevance: The goal of this basic research proposal is to better understand the causes of neurodegenerative disorders at the molecular level. Among the best known examples are Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and Huntington's diseases, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). Neurodegenerative diseases are incurable and debilitating conditions with increasing prevalence, and without their pathogenic mechanisms being elucidated in sufficient detail, our ability to generate a rationale for corrective therapeutic interventions is greatly limited. We had previously characterized a novel mouse model of neurodegeneration caused by mutation of the LISTER gene. Consistent with an important biological function, this gene is conserved in all organisms from yeast to humans. Accordingly, we have been utilizing various models to discover the gene function and how defects in this function may lead to the disease. The LISTER gene encodes a protein that acts as an E3 ubiquitin ligase, named Listerin. More recently, using yeast we discovered a function for Listerin that is consistent with a role in neurodegeneration in mammals: it functions in a process known as protein quality control whereby aberrant proteins are targeted for degradation. Specifically, its targets are proteins encoded by defective mRNA lacking stop codons (""""""""non-stop proteins""""""""). Listerin functions by tagging those aberrant proteins with molecules of ubiquitin (ubiquitination), which often acts as a destruction signal. Mutation of Listerin causes those toxic proteins to accumulate. With the proposed research we plan to specify the features of Listerin-mediated ubiquitination and expand the findings towards disease. Objective/Hypothesis: Our main hypotheses are that (a) Listerin acts in protein quality control by ubiquitinating non-stop polypeptides stalled in ribosomes, and (b) defective Listerin-mediated degradation leads to the formation of protein aggregates and inclusions, which are hallmarks of neurodegeneration.
The Specific Aims are to characterize Listerin's function in non-stop protein degradation, to investigate the extent of conservation of Listerin's function in protein quality control, and to investigate how defects in this function lead to neurodegeneration. Our long-term objective is to help elucidate molecular mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of human neurodegenerative disease. Study design: We will use biochemistry and yeast molecular genetics to specify how the E3 recognizes its specific target substrates;mammalian tissue culture and biochemistry to investigate the regulation of non-stop protein degradation by mammalian Listerin and biochemistry and cell biology to study the consequences of non-stop protein accumulation in cells.

Public Health Relevance

The goal of this basic research proposal is to characterize the function of a new gene implicated in neurodegeneration, and its role in disease. The better understanding of the causes of neurodegenerative disorders at the molecular level is expected to open the way to the development of new therapeutic rationale and approaches (e.g., by discovering new drug targets).

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01NS075719-03
Application #
8590232
Study Section
Membrane Biology and Protein Processing (MBPP)
Program Officer
Gubitz, Amelie
Project Start
2012-01-15
Project End
2016-12-31
Budget Start
2014-01-01
Budget End
2014-12-31
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
2014
Total Cost
$373,078
Indirect Cost
$176,203
Name
Scripps Research Institute
Department
Type
DUNS #
781613492
City
La Jolla
State
CA
Country
United States
Zip Code
92037
Joazeiro, Claudio A P (2017) Ribosomal Stalling During Translation: Providing Substrates for Ribosome-Associated Protein Quality Control. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 33:343-368
Doamekpor, Selom K; Lee, Joong-Won; Hepowit, Nathaniel L et al. (2016) Structure and function of the yeast listerin (Ltn1) conserved N-terminal domain in binding to stalled 60S ribosomal subunits. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 113:E4151-60
Yonashiro, Ryo; Tahara, Erich B; Bengtson, Mario H et al. (2016) The Rqc2/Tae2 subunit of the ribosome-associated quality control (RQC) complex marks ribosome-stalled nascent polypeptide chains for aggregation. Elife 5:e11794
Ossareh-Nazari, Batool; NiƱo, Carlos A; Bengtson, Mario H et al. (2014) Ubiquitylation by the Ltn1 E3 ligase protects 60S ribosomes from starvation-induced selective autophagy. J Cell Biol 204:909-17
Lyumkis, Dmitry; Oliveira dos Passos, Dario; Tahara, Erich B et al. (2014) Structural basis for translational surveillance by the large ribosomal subunit-associated protein quality control complex. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 111:15981-6
Lyumkis, Dmitry; Doamekpor, Selom K; Bengtson, Mario H et al. (2013) Single-particle EM reveals extensive conformational variability of the Ltn1 E3 ligase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 110:1702-7