Mild therapeutic hypothermia improves outcome for patients resuscitated from cardiac arrest but has failed to show benefit for stroke patients. Poor efficacy in stroke is likely due in part to the difficulty of cooling conscious patients. Here we propose to induce therapeutic hypothermia in a rodent model of stroke via activation of brain A1 adenosine receptors (A1AR), a mechanism used by hibernating mammals to decrease body temperature during onset of hibernation. We will test the safety and efficacy of mild to moderate therapeutic hypothermia induced by the A1AR agonist 6N-cyclohexyladenosine (CHA) using telemetry and other techniques to monitor brain temperature, ECG, blood pressure and other physiological parameters during cooling and rewarming in conscious, freely moving rats. We will attempt to block adverse effects caused by stimulation of A1AR in the heart and other peripheral organs using 8-(p-sulfophenyl) theophylline (8-SPT), an adenosine receptor antagonist that does not penetrate the brain. We will also study the safety and efficacy of this approach to induce therapeutic hypothermia in a rat model of ischemic stroke. Preliminary data show that intermittent intraperitoneal injections of CHA and 8-SPT at an ambient temperature of 16oC maintain core body temperature between 30 and 32oC for 24h in rats without adverse consequences. This innovative approach to cooling mimics the mechanism used by hibernating animals to cool to near-ambient temperature and avoids the negative effects of shivering. In bypassing thermoregulatory defenses such as shivering, this research is highly significant because it is likely to refine techniques used to induce therapeutic hypothermia that may have significant benefit for stroke patients. At the same time, this application builds biomedical research infrastructure at the University of Alaska Fairbanks and brings biomedical research opportunities to Alaskan students, including a population of talented Alaska Native students who are underrepresented in biomedical research.

Public Health Relevance

Therapeutic hypothermia is becoming the standard of care for comatose patients after cardiac arrest, but has proven difficult to implement in conscious stroke patients. This study applies principles of central nervous system regulation of body temperature in hibernating species to induce therapeutic hypothermia in conscious rats, and tests the efficacy of this approach to improve outcome following a rodent model of ischemic stroke.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)
Type
Academic Research Enhancement Awards (AREA) (R15)
Project #
2R15NS070779-02
Application #
8497492
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZRG1-MDCN-A (96))
Program Officer
Bosetti, Francesca
Project Start
2010-04-01
Project End
2016-05-31
Budget Start
2013-06-01
Budget End
2016-05-31
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
2013
Total Cost
$448,500
Indirect Cost
$148,500
Name
University of Alaska Fairbanks
Department
Biology
Type
Schools of Arts and Sciences
DUNS #
615245164
City
Fairbanks
State
AK
Country
United States
Zip Code
99775
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Bhowmick, Saurav; Drew, Kelly L (2017) Arctic ground squirrel resist peroxynitrite-mediated cell death in response to oxygen glucose deprivation. Free Radic Biol Med 113:203-211
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Christian, Sherri L; Rasley, Brian T; Roe, Tanna et al. (2014) Habituation of Arctic ground squirrels (Urocitellus parryii) to handling and movement during torpor to prevent artificial arousal. Front Physiol 5:174

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