The Specific Aim (Purpose) of this Research and Demonstration Project is to create a model of Hospital:Long Term Care Facility (LTCF) infection control collaboration by developing LTCF- tailored interventions that reduce infection risk in the elderly;and to use the prevention of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) disease as the program proof-of-concept model. Over the last 15 years, the medical community has become concerned about the rise of the drug-resistant form of staph called MRSA, which causes particularly dangerous disease. Our hypothesis is that one can safely reduce MRSA colonization and disease from LTCF residents in a way that does not interfere with the desired life-style for persons in these facilities and thereby lower the cost of care by preventing illness. While a great deal of medical research and public advocacy has focused on the control of MRSA spread in acute care centers, little attention has been paid to LTCFs. On August 1, 2005, NorthShore University HealthSystem became the first multi-hospital healthcare system in North America to adopt universal admission surveillance for MRSA. In the 48 months following program implementation, the rate of MRSA in the acute care hospitals dropped by more than 70% compared to the past. When assessing the likely burden of MRSA disease in 3 LTCFs, we found that the rate of treated illness ranged from 12 to 114 annual infections per 100 beds in the facility (median 37 infections/100 beds) across the 9 units for which we collected data - strongly indicating that not only is colonization frequent in LTCFs but that the burden of MRSA disease is also high. Pilot programs at 3 LTCFs have permitted us to design a theoretical program to reduce MRSA colonization and disease in a way that respects the necessary living requirements for residents of LTCFs. The external funding requested will permit us to evaluate those interventions we have discovered as theoretically effective. The activities will entail an IRB-approved, cluster randomized trial on 12 nursing units (approximately 650 beds in total) at three different LTCF that have a total of approximately 4200 annual admissions. These 12 units will be randomly assigned to a specific intervention (decolonization of all current residents plus admission testing and nasal treatment of new patients) or control. The study duration is 24 months;a stop period at 12 months is planned when a scheduled preliminary analysis will be done. At the time of this 12-month analysis it will be decided if the project was successful and the intervention arm will be deployed on all nursing units. Subsequently, additional LTCF partners in the Chicago area will be offered assistance in implementation of similar programs. At least 2 publications are planned.

Public Health Relevance

The purpose of this Research Demonstration Project is to create a model of Hospital:Long Term Care Facility (LTCF) infection control collaboration by developing LTCF-tailored interventions that reduce infection risk in the elderly;and to use the prevention of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) disease as the program proof-of-concept model. Approximately 1.8 million United States residents live in the nation's 16,500 LTCFs and almost as many healthcare-associated infections occur in LTCFs annually as in hospitals in the US, with estimates somewhere between 1.6 and 3.8 million infections per year. The importance of the knowledge to be gained from this project is great for future patients in our United States healthcare systems because when we develop a successful approach for controlling MRSA in LTCFs this will improve the health of residents and lower the cost of healthcare.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ)
Type
Research Demonstration and Dissemination Projects (R18)
Project #
5R18HS019968-03
Application #
8284183
Study Section
Health Care Quality and Effectiveness Research (HQER)
Program Officer
Hall, Kendall
Project Start
2010-09-30
Project End
2013-12-31
Budget Start
2012-08-01
Budget End
2013-12-31
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
2012
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Northshore University Healthsystem
Department
Type
DUNS #
069490621
City
Evanston
State
IL
Country
United States
Zip Code
60201
Peterson, Lance R; Boehm, Susan; Beaumont, Jennifer L et al. (2016) Reduction of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection in long-term care is possible while maintaining patient socialization: A prospective randomized clinical trial. Am J Infect Control 44:1622-1627
Peterson, Lance R; Wright, Marc O; Beaumont, Jennifer L et al. (2016) Nonimpact of Decolonization as an Adjunctive Measure to Contact Precautions for the Control of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Transmission in Acute Care. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 60:99-104
Patel, Parul A; Robicsek, Ari; Grayes, Althea et al. (2015) Evaluation of multiple real-time PCR tests on nasal samples in a large MRSA surveillance program. Am J Clin Pathol 143:652-8
Patel, Parul A; Schora, Donna M; Peterson, Kari E et al. (2014) Performance of the Cepheid Xpert® SA Nasal Complete PCR assay compared to culture for detection of methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonization. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 80:32-4
Schora, Donna M; Boehm, Susan; Das, Sanchita et al. (2014) Impact of Detection, Education, Research and Decolonization without Isolation in Long-term care (DERAIL) on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonization and transmission at 3 long-term care facilities. Am J Infect Control 42:S269-73
Das, Sanchita; Anderson, Christopher J; Grayes, Althea et al. (2013) Nasal Carriage of Epidemic Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus 15 (EMRSA-15) Clone Observed in Three Chicago-Area Long-Term Care Facilities. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 57:4551-4553