Many current pharmacological approaches to combating Alzheimer's disease (AD) seek to block Abeta production through inhibition of the amyloidogenic enzymes known as beta- and gamma-secretases. An alternative approach is to activate the alpha-secretase processing of amyloid precursor protein (APP), which is mediated by several members of the disintegrin family of metalloproteases, ADAM9, ADAM10 and ADAM17. Processing of APP by these alpha-secretases is thought to be beneficial with respect to AD since it limits production of Abeta and generates the neuroprotective soluble APPalpha (sAPPalpha) product. Fibulin-1 (Fbln1) is an extracellular matrix protein, expressed in the brain by neurons, that binds the amino terminus of APP and sAPPalpha. The significance of this interaction is not yet established however, we have found that Fbln1 also binds to other membrane anchored alpha-secretase substrates, heparin binding-epidermal growth factor (HB-EGF) and neuregulin-1 (NRG1). We also show that Fbln1 acts to inhibit the proteolytic release of soluble forms of HB-EGF and NRG1. Furthermore, we have found increased levels of sAPPalpha in the conditioned culture medium of Fbln1 null mouse embryo fibroblasts (MEFs) as compared to wildtype MEFs. Based on these findings it is hypothesized that Fbln1 serves as an inhibitor of alpha-secretase processing of APP and therefore may represent a therapeutic target that if inhibited might lead to augmented alpha-secretase processing of APP and reduced pathological APP cleavage. To address this hypothesis there are three specific aims: 1) Determine whether brain APP proteolytic cleavage is altered in Fbln1-deficient mice, 2) determine whether transgenic overexpression of Fbln1 accelerates Abeta production and exacerbates AD pathogenesis, and 3) determine whether Fbln1 inhibits alpha-secretase processing of APP in cultured neuronal cells.

Public Health Relevance

The overall goal of this project is to determine the role of fibulin-1 (Fbln1) in the pathogenic process of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative diseases. The experimentation will test the hypothesis that Fbln1 interacts with the amyloid precursor protein (APP) to regulate proteolytic processing events associated with AD. The experimentation will also determine if Fbln1 is a potential target for therapeutic intervention in AD.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute on Aging (NIA)
Type
Exploratory/Developmental Grants (R21)
Project #
1R21AG043718-01A1
Application #
8581789
Study Section
Cellular and Molecular Biology of Neurodegeneration Study Section (CMND)
Program Officer
Petanceska, Suzana
Project Start
2013-08-01
Project End
2015-07-31
Budget Start
2013-08-01
Budget End
2014-07-31
Support Year
1
Fiscal Year
2013
Total Cost
$224,250
Indirect Cost
$74,250
Name
Medical University of South Carolina
Department
Anatomy/Cell Biology
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
183710748
City
Charleston
State
SC
Country
United States
Zip Code
29425
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